Robust Image Hashing with Low-Rank Representation and Ring Partition

Figure 5

Robustness test.

(a) Brightness adjustment

(b) Contrast adjustment

(c) Gamma correction

(d) Gaussian low-pass filtering

(e) Speckle noise

(f) Salt-and-pepper noise

(g) JPEG compression

(h) Watermark embedding

(i) Image scaling

(j) Image rotation