Algorithm Key objective Issue Compare with HBB-LB [42 ] Optimize the load distribution across VMs to maximize the throughput. Only applied to those virtual machines located in the same data center HBB-LB, First-in-First-out (FIFO), dynamic load Balancing (DLB), Weighted Round Robin (WRR) - Medoid Clustering, Blowfish encryption, and Dragonfly Algorithm [43 ]In addition to enhancing accuracy, Dragonfly’s algorithm is optimized Blowfish, Rivest, Shamir, Adleman (RSA), and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Heuristic-based algorithms [44 ] Energy saving, throughput maximization, makespan minimization Improve resource utilization, good performance MCT, Min-Max, MET, Max-Min, and Min-Min load balancing technique Enhanced ABC-based load balancing technique [30 ] Minimizes makespan and reduces the number of VM migrations Load balancing is made more efficient and effective by altering the bee colony algorithm for cloud environments Bee colony algorithm Load balancing-based hyperheuristic technique [45 ] To determine which low-level heuristics are necessary to search for improved candidate solutions, HBB-LB with the improvement detection operators are used Analyze the performance of the proposed load balancing technique The heuristic technique, including ACO, PSO, and GA Spider Monkey Optimization [46 ] Increasing performance by balancing workload among VMs They are reducing the average response time and makespan on tasks Round Robin and Throttled methods Multiresource Load Balancing Algorithm (MrLBA) [47 ] It aims to achieve a makespan, cost, and load-balanced system Performance metrics, execution time, and costs are reduced, and existing resources are efficiently utilized ACO, GA-PSO, and hybrid approach Dynamic load balancing Max-Min and Max DLB3M [48 ] Minimum execution time, efficient utilization of resources, and given optimum solution of load Provide the better synchronization of jobs such that jobs never dead LB3M (load balancing Max-Min and Max) Binary Bird Swarm Optimization [32 ] This algorithm reduces the response time of the system and maintains balance throughout it, thus increasing the overall performance Resources are better utilized, and tasks are completed faster. MAX-MIN, improved PSO, RASA, Come-First-Served (FCFS), SJF, and RR