Abstract
At present, in the process of RG (rural governance), problems such as the decline of social morality, the lack of collective identity, the lack of cohesion, and the low degree of autonomy have plagued the improvement of RG quality. FSC (folk sports culture) can promote good social governance with its positive role. As an informal system, FSC heritage derived from traditional society continues its strong vitality and flexibility in modern RG. This paper presents an RG model based on CSN (computer sensor network). The model takes the individual generated content of social media as the sensor data source and perceives the security situation of the online society and the real society through the data of netizens’ behaviors, emotions, and attitudes. The results show that the RMSE of the particles obtained by the improved resampling algorithm is slightly better than that of the traditional resampling algorithm, and the RMSE basically fluctuates between 0.36 and 0.45. This can reflect the effectiveness of the resampling algorithm in this chapter. FSC can play an important role in improving villagers’ political literacy, solving the problem of providing for the aged, maintaining rural stability, establishing rural organizations, and developing public welfare undertakings.
1. Introduction
RG (rural governance), located at the end of the national governance system, is an important cornerstone of RG and national governance. With the continuous improvement of RG theory and level, it has been promoted to a higher level, thus having political and national significance. How to develop rural folk sports has become a major issue we are facing. And modernization is becoming the general trend of Chinese society and culture. Therefore, it is more urgent and necessary to study the changes of FSC (folk sports culture). As a historical entity deeply influenced by various historical factors and the characteristics of Chinese traditional society, the rural area has a subtle influence on the governance of rural society, such as neighborhood relations, rural regulations and folk conventions, and the history and culture handed down [1]. In today’s world, nation-state is still the basic center of citizens’ loyalty, and a nation-state is bound to form ethnic history and culture in its exclusive geographical position, and on top of these history and culture, it will form national spirit and finally internalize into the national cohesion of a nation.
The FSC of the Chinese nation has a long history and profound heritage and stretches for thousands of years. It has been deeply rooted in the traditional culture of the Chinese people and is an important part of Chinese folk culture. Connelly et al. mentioned that the cultural characteristics of folk sports include regionality and national tradition. It is the regionality and tradition that makes FSC enable people to have a sense of cultural belonging [2]. Smith et al. pointed out that genealogy is an important part of Hakka culture, and the family rules and instructions contained in Hakka genealogy are the summary of ancestors’ initial principles and lessons and the embodiment of Hakka values [3]. Taylor proposed that the core of new rural construction and development is to improve farmers’ dominant position and cultural perception ability [4]. Giessen et al. think that the dilemma of RG will arise in the flow of farmers and put forward the countermeasures of reforming the urban-rural dual structure and establishing a new RG mechanism to solve this dilemma [5]. Brown et al. think that the research on the relationship between national identity and national identity is the basic theoretical research of patriotic education, involving politics, ethnology, sociology, history, and ideological and political education, which is comprehensive [6]. Although the research methods of other disciplines, such as anthropology, have been paid more and more attention in FSC research, the research methods are still relatively single and backward.
In the history of human development, the development of RG has gone through a long period, and in any period, human beings have never stopped the pace of research and practice. FSC is the product of traditional society, economic environment, and natural ecology. It is integrated into the blood and life flow of local society and has the governance functions of recognition, education, standardization, and maintenance. This topic enriches the research viewpoints of RG and folk sports, combines FSC with government policies and value advocacy, and facilitates farmers to understand and accept government policies and put them into practice. Finding the symbiosis between FSC and modern system, digging the role of FSC in RG, is conducive to forming a new method and new thinking to promote RG and new rural construction.
2. Related Work
2.1. RG Research
With the influx of new social management methods and foreign ideological and cultural concepts, the traditional RG method is facing an unprecedented impact. Facing this situation, it also puts forward higher requirements for modern RG. It emphasizes the diversified participation of governance subjects. In RG, the government plays the role of basic management and is the provider of community public services. Different from the traditional management functions, the government transfers and transfers a part of its power to act as a guide and supervisor, so as to give full play to the governance advantages of collaborative subjects.
It is considered that Brown RG is a political activity to manage and regulate village organizations and to allocate and operate public power in order to achieve a certain purpose [7]. Cheng et al. believe that rural area is a complex historical entity, and RG needs to be studied at multiple levels [8]. Meyer-Clement believes that the weak point of RG research is an overall grasp of RG subjects [9]. Bhattacharya and others believe that RG is a management model of rural society or how Chinese villages can manage independently to realize the orderly development of rural society [10]. Fox believes that RG is an organizational activity, which is an activity in which various organizations, including township party committees and villagers’ committees, jointly act on the rural society and manage the rural society through a certain institutional mechanism [11].
Under the new situation that the state promotes the modernization of governance system and governance capacity, RG, as the most basic of the national governance system, still faces some problems, which become the shackles of rural social development. Brunori et al. think that there are still some problems in rural areas in China, such as vague cognition of villagers’ subjective consciousness, blurred participation rights, and weak social participation efficiency of organizational forms [12]. Dressler and others believe that due to the involvement of modernization, the interests of rural villagers are gradually divided, their demands are increasingly diversified, their sense of rural identity is lacking, their cohesion is declining, and the outflow of rural elites leads to the weakening of endogenous governance foundation. Third, rural ecological governance is more difficult [13]. Arora-Jonsson analyzed the RG model in social capital from the perspective of social capital. They emphasized that RG, as a tiny interest group, is the economic result of the interaction of various governance subjects [14]. From the angle of economics, we should pay attention to the application of social capital and soil association, so as to strengthen the construction of grassroots beaches and improve the governance capacity.
2.2. CSN-Related Research
CSN (computer sensor network) has played its value in practical application and has become a topic of common concern in academic circles. Sensors are usually divided into two kinds of nodes: sensor node and receiver node. Sensor node mainly transmits information content and data, while receiver node receives the content transmitted by sensor node. CSN, on the other hand, surpasses traditional sensors, with higher integration and less energy consumption, and is widely used in real life.
Joshi et al. put forward the idea of information-driven collaborative tracking, which focuses on the introduction of a prediction mechanism, that is, through the information fusion processing of multiple sensor nodes that detect the target, the possible motion trajectory of the moving target can be obtained [15]. Wang et al. developed a network protocol to support the wireless transmission of data and control signals between artificial retina or epidermal graft and external glasses, on which a built-in camera is used to record and process images [16]. Mahakud et al. studied the application of CSN technology to artificial retina to help the visually impaired recover their vision [17]. Joshi et al. proposed a distance-independent localization algorithm-centroid localization algorithm. According to the connectivity of the node network, this algorithm uses the propagation and forwarding of measurement information between nodes for localization [18]. Anadiotis et al. gave a detailed and unified overview of CSN positioning technology and, based on this, put forward the methods of mobile positioning and intelligent positioning and analyzed the possible application scenarios and scope of CSN [19].
Gasparri et al. considered an incomplete fingerprint database with real coverage gap and studied the performance of several interpolation and extrapolation methods in recovering lost fingerprint data [20]. Sharad et al. proposed a positioning technology based on the received signal strength distribution, which can obtain high positioning accuracy without intensive deployment [21]. On the basis of limited information, Zhang found an approximately effective alternative method to evaluate the estimation and accuracy of angle of arrival and designed a weighted positioning algorithm to weight the factors related to the estimation accuracy of angle of arrival, so as to improve the positioning performance [22].
3. Research Method
3.1. CSN Structure Design
CSN is not a single sensor, nor a simple wireless communication network. It is a comprehensive innovation of the traditional computer network computing mode and design mode. Because of its own characteristics and special application fields, CSN is not a simple superposition of existing Internet technology and wireless communication technology. It is obviously different from the traditional network technology, and it is a new type of information network that completely innovates the calculation mode and design mode of the traditional computer network.
There are a large number of randomly distributed sensor nodes in the network, and the network coverage rate is equal to 1. Within the sensing range, the sensor nodes can perform reliable detection. In different sensor node modes, it will still be affected by the environment, resulting in irregular and uneven detection. Therefore, ideally, it is assumed that the sensing range of the sensor node is a standard circle. There are only a few sensor nodes connected to some nodes in the same network, which wastes the resources of this master node. We should evenly distribute sensor nodes to each master node so that the network load can be balanced as much as possible.
As the sensor node is a cheap communication device with limited energy, computing power, storage capacity, communication range, communication bandwidth, etc., it is necessary to choose a self-negotiated key management mechanism and a light key algorithm with small key length and low energy consumption in CSN. The following principles should be followed: try to avoid using interactive security protocols, avoid segmented transmission of information, support network processing of sensor information, and have high fault tolerance.
In this paper, taking CSN as an example, we adopt the divide-and-conquer method for multiple objectives such as coverage and lifetime in CSN. Negotiation mechanism promotes the contribution of each subsolution to meet the target. In essence, this mode greatly improves the determination of system fitness values, which are shared among all subproblems. The Bayesian optimization algorithm is used in the legacy algorithm based on the cooperative computer system, and the distributed estimation is applied in this algorithm, as shown in Figure 1.
The constructed network model is used to sample new candidates, and these new candidates are evaluated through cooperation with individuals representing other populations. The edge between two points indicates the relationship between them, and the probability relationship between variables in the model can be coded in Bayesian network, and the whole Bayesian network represents the structure of a problem [18].
Mathematically, the joint probability distribution of an aperiodic Bayesian network coding can be defined as
where is the vector of all variables in the problem, represents the set of variables in the network, and is the conditional probability of [15].
The Bayesian network mapping for solving multiobjective CSN problem is
where represents the master node set, represents the communication path, and represents the coverage area.
Wireless data transmission network can be divided into single-hop transmission network and multihop transmission network according to different data transmission modes. Single-hop transmission network means that each wireless terminal communicates directly with the base station in a single-hop way, without data transfer through other terminals.
Abstracting the actual wireless communication device is the node in graph theory, and the wireless communication link is the edge in graph theory [20]. Then, when the CSN uses the single-hop transmission mode, the network is abstracted as each sensor node direct communication, and the energy required by each node is
where is the energy required by each node and is the distance from node to . Although some nodes closer to the cluster head can reduce the power consumption by power control mechanism, the worst node case will not affect equation (3). Then, the energy consumption of the whole CSN in time except the node is
where is the number of network nodes. With the movement of the target, the dynamic cluster structure can be automatically adjusted according to the specified way; that is, the dynamic cluster will dynamically add or delete nodes in the cluster according to the movement of the target and reorganize the cluster structure under certain conditions to achieve the optimal node in the cluster. Considering the target moving speed and the above radius , it can be obtained that the radius of cluster head wake-up is
where is a constant, which can be set according to specific conditions. In this experiment, . Since the dimension of velocity is and the dimension of radius is , the purpose here is to compare and determine the radius , so the unified dimension is .
Many sensor nodes deployed in the monitoring area not only collect local information and process data but also store, manage, and fuse data forwarded by other nodes and cooperate with other nodes to complete some specific tasks. Only by constructing the CSN system and designing the hardware structure of sensor nodes suitable for CSN communication protocol and matching with it can we give full play to the advantages of CSN and meet a wide range of application requirements.
3.2. Establishment of RG Model
Folk sports, as a branch of China’s excellent traditional culture, belongs to the category of FSC, and it also inherits the main characteristics of FSC. The emergence and development of a folk sport all contain the rich cultural connotation of the ethnic group or region, so most scholars choose the basic concept of folk custom as their foothold. RG is a concept of grassroots democratic politics with rich connotations and diverse ways, a new concept and new practice of rural democratic politics, and an interrelated governance system between two grassroots governance subjects.
The traditional cultural structure is incongruous with the newly formed social interaction model, and this incongruity comes from sticking to a religious system suitable for the rural society in the urban environment, which contradicts the new social interaction model.
From the perspective of RG’s goals, the two core goals of RG are to build a harmonious and stable order in rural areas, promote rural economic development, and finally achieve “good governance.” Folk sports just have the function to achieve these goals. Therefore, to cultivate and enhance the cohesion of the Chinese nation, we must grasp the development law and characteristics of the times. In the great practice of socialist construction, we should not only inherit the tradition but also constantly explore and innovate and carefully study, analyze, and summarize the subjective and objective factors that restrict the promotion of the cohesion of the Chinese nation in the new period, so as to expand and refine the cultivation ways and further sublimate the cohesion of the Chinese nation.
FSC is a cultural system composed of many cultural factors, and its essence is an agricultural culture. As a cultural factor produced in a specific region, it precipitates into the common culture of peasant groups in the process of passing down from generation to generation. Taking FSC as an industry for development and vigorously developing cultural undertakings can accelerate rural economic construction through a win-win situation of social and economic benefits. Behavioral culture and institutional culture in FSC, such as folk customs, rules and regulations of villages, and informal organizations, are all good supplements to the political system. With a large number of farmers entering and taking root in cities, excellent traditional culture has also been brought into cities to take root, grow, and affect all aspects of people’s lives. The shadow of FSC can be found through the rules and regulations in life, village regulations and conventions, and citizen conventions. Excellent FSC plays an important role in helping to cultivate, carry forward, and develop socialist core values.
In the design of emergency coordination plan, we should fully consider the important factors such as risk communication, information communication, time constraint of emergency request and response, and coordination decision-making task sequence among resources and establish a dynamic emergency response mechanism based on social security situation data. Through the analysis of user portraits, group portraits, and event portraits, the whole event is depicted and analyzed, and on this basis, the network security situation is perceived. Then, the decision-making simulation is realized by simulation. Therefore, the RG model based on CSN is proposed as shown in Figure 2.
The network topology structure of crisis event propagation is represented by the propagation tree relationship among nodes, and the relationship among nodes in the process of event diffusion is abstracted. Combined with the dynamic evolution theory of complex network, a real-time visual tracking model of network public opinion is established. This paper analyzes the dynamics and phenomena of social media such as Weibo and WeChat and different media such as TV, newspapers, and official news websites in terms of risk and information communication, communication mode, timeliness of decision-making, policy or strategy, starting point of decision-making, constraints, mistakes, or delays in decision-making.
In the process of PF (particle filtering) algorithm, the most ideal importance function is posterior probability density. But generally speaking, this is impossible. The particle points used in PF algorithm are sampled from the selected importance distribution density function. In order to solve the problem of particle degradation, the most direct way is to increase the number of samples, but increasing the number of samples will increase the amount of calculation. Firstly, the distribution of random variable is generated by sampling from the discrete probability distribution of weights:
random numbers are generated, which satisfy the uniform distribution on . Formula (7) is judged sequentially for each random number generated above:
Keep the sample with the weight value of , then set the newly generated sample as , and change the corresponding weight value into the value .
In some extreme cases, the number of anchor nodes that can communicate with unknown nodes may be less than three so that positioning cannot be completed. The improved weighted positioning algorithm based on dynamic anchor node combines ranging and nonranging positioning algorithms to achieve positioning.
In the algorithm, when multiple positioning triangles are selected, the following weight factors are set:
where represents the maximum angle of the positioned triangle, and its value range is
By combining the centroid coordinates of each positioning triangle with its corresponding weight factor, the coordinates of unknown nodes can be obtained. Then, this unknown node is regarded as a pseudoanchor node. Assuming that the average hop distance of three anchor nodes is , the average hop distance of unknown nodes can be expressed as
Through the above calculation, the average hop distance of unknown nodes and the hop number to anchor nodes can be obtained so that the distance from unknown nodes to anchor nodes can be calculated, and then, the coordinates of unknown nodes can be calculated by maximum likelihood method.
4. Result Analysis
In the process of promoting FSC to participate in RG more effectively, we can learn from the economic capital function of FSC in the cultural capital theory. By cultivating the traditional excellent FSC, the villagers’ moral and cultural level and labor knowledge and skills can be improved, the sense of identity and belonging of FSC can be enhanced, and the content products of FSC can be enriched. Rebuilding the living space of FSC and enriching the soil for FSC growth in rural society, only when the rural economy takes off can FSC be enriched and developed, can it play a better role in rural society, can it enhance the cohesion and centripetal force of rural society, can it ensure the harmony and stability of rural society, and can it realize the goal of good social governance.
Cohesion, after being introduced into the research field of social science, can be summarized into four forces: attraction, centripetal force, affinity, and cohesion. Therefore, the cohesion of a nation has its internality, and it must be expressed through its inner thoughts and ideas. Using the factor analysis method in statistics, the measurement index of rural residents’ cohesion and the characteristic values and cumulative contribution rates of six indexes are obtained (as shown in Figure 3).
It can be seen from Figure 3 that four main components can be extracted when the constituent factors of cohesion are greater than or equal to 0.9, and their characteristic values are greater than 0.9, with a cumulative contribution rate of 62.014%.
From the variable indexes of six tests, this paper analyzes the two-factor variance of social stability, mutual understanding, and promoting unity produced by FSC. Statistical results are shown in Table 1.
The statistical results show that the “correction model,” “mutual understanding,” and “social stability” have reached a significant level, indicating that only two factors, mutual understanding and social stability, are significant to national unity. To a certain extent, this shows that FSC plays a positive role in promoting mutual understanding among rural people, promoting local social stability, unity, and harmony, and building a harmonious socialist society.
National cohesion is a kind of integration force of national culture, and it is also the embodiment of the value function of folk sports. FSC plays a very good role in promoting the mental health of local residents. The correlation analysis of local residents’ mental health, emotional communication, and folk sports shows that the differences between FSC activities, emotional communication, and mental health have reached a significant level (see Table 2).
Farmers are the main body in the process of RG, and their cultural literacy will directly affect the effect of RG. Therefore, in the process of RG, it is the inherent demand of RG to cultivate a group of high-quality and educated farmers. By correctly interpreting and conveying some policies of benefiting the people of the country to the villagers, rural capable people can make the villagers better understand the national policies and intentions and play a role of “intermediary” between the government and the villagers. It also plays a certain role in solving rural social contradictions and regulating social disputes, which is more conducive to reducing governance costs and maintaining rural harmony and stability. Therefore, giving full play to the role of capable people in RG is conducive to promoting the better completion of RG, promoting rural cultural construction, and realizing the governance goal of rural civilization.
Among them, the identity function strengthens the villagers’ sense of identity with common culture and helps them consciously abide by folk customs. The function of enlightenment influences people’s ideas in a subtle way, and they are baptized by enlightenment in the cultural atmosphere. The maintenance function is to strengthen the cohesion and centripetal force of rural community members and to ensure that rural communities maintain peace, stability, and normal order. The quality of social welfare in society has become a means and tool to judge the governance effect of a regional government. Rural communities with a high degree of governance usually have relatively perfect social welfare policies and facilities. Similarly, rural communities with low level of governance are always lacking in social welfare. Therefore, the amount and level of social welfare should be coordinated with the development level of regional governance.
The following screenshot of the program running result is the result of optimizing the routing path of the main node in CSN by using the genetic algorithm based on population crossover. In this topic, the population size is 8, the iteration number of the algorithm is 50, and the communication radius is 220. The results are shown in Figures 4 and 5.
It can be seen from the above two figures that the distance and load of each path do not change obviously with the increase of population, but the distance and load of several paths also decrease with the increase of population size, which is in line with the characteristics of genetic algorithm. Similarly, increasing the number of iterations will make the results tend to be optimal.
Although resampling can better solve the problem of particle degradation in the algorithm, it also causes new problems, namely, particle depletion, which means that after resampling, particles lose their original diversity. This is very unfavorable for the state estimation of moving targets. Figure 6 is a comparison between the estimated value and the real value of the algorithm during the 80 time steps of the algorithm. Figure 7 is a comparison of RMSE (root mean squared error) results of 80 Monte Carlo simulations.
It can be seen from Figure 6 that the algorithm effectively reflects the actual state of the target. It can be seen from Figure 7 that the RMSE of the particles obtained by the improved resampling algorithm is slightly better than that of the traditional resampling algorithm, and the RMSE basically fluctuates between 0.36 and 0.45, which can reflect the effectiveness of the resampling algorithm in this chapter. At the same time, because the algorithm does not resample all particles unconditionally, the improved resampling algorithm can effectively save sensor energy.
RG is a complex systematic project, and it is necessary to promote the governance in all aspects of rural life in a step-by-step, planned, and focused way. It is necessary to guide RG according to the requirements of promoting the modernization of RG and rationally plan the specific objectives of each aspect. To play the role of FSC in RG, we need to continue to strengthen the support of local governments and strengthen the construction of rural public cultural infrastructure. By increasing the supply quantity and variety of rural public cultural products, we can enrich the spiritual life of rural people and meet their spiritual needs. All these actions ensure that FSC can participate in RG effectively and provide policy guarantee for FSC to participate in RG.
To participate in RG, we must firmly grasp the principle of cultural protection and development and reduce the intervention of mandatory RG tools. Fully optimizing the survival and development environment of FSC means optimizing the survival and development environment of “good governance” in rural society. To promote and popularize FSC performance better, we must first innovate and improve the existing promotion mode. On the basis of retaining the original traditional culture and folk customs, we should combine modern aesthetics, modern arts and crafts, and marketing to make it more in line with the value orientation and aesthetic needs of modern society. It not only broadens FSC’s influence and fully develops its RG influence breadth but also improves the local economic level so that RG and economic level become mutually influential, promote and improve each other, forming a scientific and effective virtuous circle.
The main body of the inheritance and development of FSC is people. The government should fully explore and cultivate these inheritors of FSC, provide them with the conditions needed for the inheritance and development of FSC, help them carry out publicity, open up the channels for their development, and encourage the old artists to take more apprentices so that their skills can be passed on to the younger generation. This shows us that in the current process of reconstructing rural FSC, the change and renewal of farmers’ social psychology is one of the important prerequisites for the smooth reconstruction of rural FSC. In addition to the farmers’ ideas to be updated, it is necessary to improve the awareness level of cadres in basic sports management departments and cultural management departments. Only by fully mobilizing people’s passion to participate in national culture and making people feel proud in the process of FSC activities can we better protect our national traditional culture. Only by improving people’s ability to protect national traditional culture and correctly guiding people to inherit and develop our national traditional culture can our national traditional culture really develop healthily and orderly.
5. Conclusion
FSC originates from the local society and is the cultural foundation of the local society. The social function of FSC’s identification, standardization, education, and maintenance can achieve the goal of RG and achieve good social governance. CSN has a wide application prospect in RG. This paper mainly deploys CSN nodes in RG and establishes the model. The results show that the interpersonal relationship contained in the national sports culture contributes to the resolution of social contradictions and the construction of civil society relations. In rural sports and cultural activities, four factors, namely, group cohesion, cultural identity, cultural inheritance, and government organization function, are the important influencing factors to enhance the cohesion of local people. RG in China is inseparable from the history of rural society, the role of farmers as the main body of practice, and the participation mechanism with the masses as the main body. Give full play to the RG function of FSC’s historical heritage, form the contemporary rural RG form, coordinate and continuously interact regional RGs, and take the promotion of social good governance as the ultimate goal, so as to achieve social harmony.
Data Availability
The figures and tables used to support the findings of this study are included in the article.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to show sincere thanks to the techniques which have contributed to this research. This work was supported by the Key Project of Hunan Social Science Fund “Research on the Integration of Village Folk Sports Inheritance and Rural Revitalization in Southern Hunan” (No. 18ZDB032) and the National Social Science Fund Project “Research on Classified Governance and Implementation of Folk Sports in Neighboring Villages of Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing, and Guizhou” (No. 21BTY114).