Imperative Role of Automation and Wireless Technologies in Aquaponics Farming

Table 1

Aquaponics parameters and their optimal range.

Parameter	Optimal range
Temperature of water	17°C-30°C
Relative humidity of air	60%-80%
Dissolved oxygen level	>4 mg/L
Temperature of air	18°C-30°C
Level of water	0.02 kg/L
Salinity of water	0-2 ppt
Hardness of water	50-150 mg/L CaCO3
Flow of water	1-2 liters/min
Total ammonia-nitrogen	<2 mg/L
Nitrites	<1 mg/L
Nitrates	50 ppm to100 ppm
Alkalinity of water	50 to 150 mg/L CaCO3
Electroconductivity	100 to 2000 μS/cm
Level of carbon dioxide	340 ppm to 1300 ppm
Intensity of light	600 PPFD-900 PPFD
pH of water	6.5-7.0
Total dissolved solids	<1000 mg/L