AIDS Research and Treatment

Research Article

Retention in Care among HIV-Infected Pregnant Women in Haiti with PMTCT Option B

Table 3

(a) Risk factors for loss to follow-up: univariate and multivariate analysis (). (b) Risk factors for loss to follow-up: univariate and multivariate subset analysis of women with 2 or more antenatal visits ().

(a)


Variable	Unadjusted		Adjusted
Variable	Relative risk (95% CI)	value	Relative risk (95% CI)	value

Age
<25	1.14 (0.94, 1.38)	0.18	1.18 (0.89, 1.58)	0.25
25–34	Reference	NA	Reference	NA
35+	0.76 (0.57, 1.02)	0.06	0.78 (0.52, 1.19)	0.25

HIV test timing
Before pregnancy	Reference	NA	Reference	NA
During pregnancy	1.52 (1.25, 1.85)	<0.0001	1.17 (0.87, 1.58)	0.29

Initial CD4
≤350	Reference	NA	Reference	NA
>350	1.06 (0.8–1.39)	0.7	0.81 (0.58–1.12)	0.21

ART start timing
Before pregnancy	Reference	NA	Reference	NA
1st trimester (2–14 wks)	1.19 (0.57, 2.47)	0.64	1.03 (0.49, 2.17)	0.95
2nd trimester (15–28 wks)	1.47 (0.99, 2.2)	0.06	1.19 (0.73, 1.96)	0.49
3rd trimester (29–42)	2.12 (1.48, 3.03)	<0.0001	1.53 (0.96, 2.45)	0.07
Postpartum	0.87 (0.44, 1.72)	0.68	0.82 (0.38, 1.75)	0.6
Never started	3.19 (2.28, 4.5)	<0.0001	2.29 (1.39, 3.78)	<0.01

Relationship
Married/cohabitating	Reference	NA	Reference	NA
Widowed	0.63 (0.19, 2.05)	0.44	1.14 (0.37, 3.56)	0.82
Separated	0.81 (0.45, 1.49)	0.5	0.8 (0.36, 1.78)	0.58
Single	0.93 (0.66, 1.32)	0.7	0.95 (0.66, 1.37)	0.78
Unknown	1.15 (0.85, 1.57)	0.36	1.32 (0.91, 1.92)	0.15

Distance from home to hospital (KM)	1 (0.99, 1)	0.44	1 (0.99, 1.01)	0.51

Cohort timing
Cohort 1: March 2009–May 2011	1.18 (0.97, 1.43)	0.09	1 (0.75, 1.33)	0.99
Cohort 2: June 2011–November 2012	Reference	NA	Reference	NA

Using a logistic model for binomial outcome with log link function to estimate relative risk.

(b)


Variable	Unadjusted		Adjusted
Variable	Relative risk (95% CI)	value	Relative risk (95% CI)	value

Age
<25	1.19 (0.89, 1.58)	0.24	1.18 (0.89, 1.57)	0.26
25–34	Reference	NA	Reference	NA
35+	0.69 (0.45, 1.06)	0.09	0.83 (0.57, 1.2)	0.32

HIV test timing
Before pregnancy	Reference	NA	Reference	NA
During pregnancy	1.32 (1.01, 1.72)	0.05	1.09 (0.82, 1.45)	0.54

ART start timing
Before pregnancy	Reference	NA	Reference	NA
1st trimester (2–14 wks)	1.3 (0.62, 2.74)	0.48	1.08 (0.55, 2.11)	0.83
2nd trimester (15–28 wks)	1.28 (0.8, 2.02)	0.30	1.14 (0.72, 1.82)	0.57
3rd trimester (29–42)	1.81 (1.2, 2.74)	0.00	1.47 (0.95, 2.27)	0.08
Postpartum	0.95 (0.47, 1.91)	0.88	0.9 (0.45, 1.78)	0.76
Never started	2.73 (1.8, 4.14)	<0.0001	2.11 (1.31, 3.39)	<0.01

Relationship
Married/cohabitating	Reference	NA	Reference	NA
Widowed	0.78 (0.24, 2.53)	0.67	1.13 (0.41, 3.11)	0.81
Separated	0.8 (0.38, 1.7)	0.56	0.85 (0.42, 1.71)	0.65
Single	0.9 (0.58, 1.41)	0.66	0.96 (0.67, 1.37)	0.81
Unknown	1.25 (0.86, 1.83)	0.24	1.3 (0.9, 1.89)	0.16

Distance from home to hospital (KM)	1 (0.99, 1.01)	0.72	1 (0.99, 1.01)	0.68

Cohort timing (based on ART initiation)
Cohort 1: before 5/31/2011	1.09 (0.83, 1.45)	0.53	1 (0.76, 1.31)	0.98
Cohort 2: after 6/1/2011	Reference	NA	Reference	NA

Initial CD4
≤350	Reference	NA	Reference	NA
>350	0.99 (0.74, 1.33)	0.94	0.81 (0.6, 1.11)	0.19

Using a logistic model for binomial outcome with log link function to estimate relative risk.