Research Article
Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on Clinical Outcomes during Hospitalization and Five-Year Follow-Up after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Table 2
Demographic and clinical variables of the patients studied.
| | Studied variables | All patients (n = 410) | Patients with CKD (n = 117, 28.6%) | Patients without CKD (n = 293, 71.4%) | value |
| | Age (years) | 60 (55–68) | 63 (58–71) | 59 (54–66) | 0.07 | | Gender, male (n, %) | 337 (82.2) | 87 (74.4) | 250 (85.3) | 0.09 | | BMI (kg/m2) | 28.05 (25.8–31.8) | 28.3 (25.8–32) | 28 (25.9–31.5) | 0.79 | | Smoking (n, %) | 159 (38.8) | 35 (29.9) | 124 (42.3) | 0.02 | | Diabetes mellitus (n, %) | 338 (82.4) | 111 (94.9) | 227 (77.5) | <0.001 | | Hyperlipidemia (n, %) | 245 (59.8) | 77 (65.8) | 168 (57.3) | 0.11 | | Hypertension (n, %) | 351 (85.6) | 110 (94) | 241 (82.3) | 0.002 | | Bronchial asthma (n, %) | 44 (10.7) | 25 (21.4) | 19 (6.5) | <0.001 | | Hypothyroidism (n, %) | 42 (10.2) | 11 (9.4) | 31 (10.6) | 0.72 | | Hyperthyroidism (n, %) | 3 (0.7) | 0 (0) | 3 (1) | 0.56 | | Preoperative AF (n, %) | 26 (6.3) | 9 (7.7) | 17 (5.8) | 0.47 | | Autoimmune disease (n, %) | 4 (1) | 2 (1.7) | 2 (0.7) | 0.32 | | Prior stroke (n, %) | 28 (6.8) | 7 (6) | 21 (7.2) | 0.66 | | CAS (n, %) | 37 (9) | 17 (14.5) | 20 (6.8) | 0.014 | | PVD (n, %) | 44 (10.7) | 20 (17.1) | 24 (8.2) | 0.009 | | Prior MI (n, %) | 257 (62.7) | 87 (74.4) | 170 (58) | 0.002 | | Prior PCI (n, %) | 137 (33.4) | 45 (38.5) | 92 (31.4) | 0.17 | | Prior cardiac surgeries (n, %) | 27 (6.6) | 12 (10.3) | 15 (5.1) | 0.58 | | Preoperative LVEF% | >55% | 141 (34.4) | 34 (29.1) | 107 (36.5) | 0.08 | | 45–55% | 106 (25.9) | 25 (21.4) | 81 (27.6) | | 35–45 | 88 (21.5) | 36 (30.8) | 52 (17.7) | | <35% | 75 (18.3) | 22 (18.8) | 53 (18.1) | | Preoperative IABP (n, %) | 15 (3.7) | 2 (1.7) | 13 (4.4) | 0.25 | | Preoperative ECMO (n, %) | 2 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.7) | 1 | | Preoperative hemoglobin (g/L) | 131 (115–142) | 117 (101–132) | 134 (121–145) | <0.001 | | Preoperative platelets (109/L) | 246 (202–308) | 263 (208–316) | 241 (201–305) | 0.06 | | Preoperative serum bilirubin (μmol/L) | 6.6 (4.6–11.1) | 5 (3.7–8.4) | 7.6 (5–12.5) | <0.001 | | Preoperative INR | 1 (1-1.1) | 1.1 (1-1.1) | 1 (1-1.1) | 0.107 | | Preoperative fibrinogen (g/L) | 3.2 (2.85–3.65) | 3.26 (3.1–3.78) | 3.17 (2.84–3.52) | 0.051 | | Preoperative serum albumin (g/L) | 39.8 (36.7–42.4) | 37.1 (32.7–40) | 41 (38–42.6) | <0.001 | | HBA1c (%) | 7.2 (6.4–8.2) | 7.5 (6.8–8.4) | 6.9 (6.3–8.1) | 0.003 | | Peak lactate (mmol/L) | 5.5 (3.8–8.9) | 6.3 (3.9–10.8) | 5.1 (3.7–8.4) | 0.006 | | Peak troponin (ng/L) | 634 (392–1180) | 814 (490–1427) | 579 (379–1090) | <0.001 |
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BMI: body mass index; CAS: carotid artery stenosis; CKD: chronic kidney disease; PVD: peripheral vascular disease; MI: myocardial infarction; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; AF: atrial fibrillation; IABP: intra-aortic balloon pump; ECMO: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; LVEF: left ventricle ejection fraction.
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