Research Article
Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on Clinical Outcomes during Hospitalization and Five-Year Follow-Up after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Table 4
Operative details and outcomes of the studied patients.
| | Studied variables | All patients | Patients with CKD | Patients without CKD | value |
| | Type of surgery | Isolated CABG (n, %) | 370 (90.2) | 106 (90.6) | 264 (90.1) | 0.87 | | CABG plus valve surgery (n, %) | 40 (9.8) | 11 (9.4) | 29 (9.9) | | Cardiopulmonary bypass (minutes) | 100 (77–126) | 98 (75–128) | 100 (78–125) | 0.96 | | Aortic cross-clamping (minutes) | 58 (43–83) | 50 (42–77.5) | 63 (44–84) | 0.11 | | Approach | Sternotomy (n, %) | 398 (97.1) | 112 (95.7) | 286 (97.6) | 0.33 | | Minimally invasive | 12 (2.9) | 5 (4.3) | 7 (2.4) | | Urgency of surgery | Elective (n, %) | 397 (96.8) | 114 (97.4) | 283 (96.6) | 0.76 | | Emergent (n, %) | 13 (3.2) | 3 (2.6) | 10 (3.4) | | Exploration for bleeding (n, %) | 27 (6.6) | 6 (5.1) | 21 (7.2) | 0.45 | | New onset AF (n, %) | 109 (26.6) | 31 (26.5) | 78 (26.6) | 0.9 | | Ventricular arrhythmias (n, %) | 24 (5.9) | 8 (6.8) | 16 (5.5) | 0.59 | | Acute kidney injury (n, %) | 105 (25.6) | 45 (38.5) | 60 (20.5) | <0.001 | | New need for hemodialysis (n, %) | 24 (5.9) | 17 (14.5) | 7 (2.4) | <0.001 | | Gastrointestinal bleeding (n, %) | 20 (4.9) | 9 (7.7) | 11 (3.8) | 0.09 | | Sternotomy wound infection (n, %) | 42 (10.2) | 11 (9.4) | 31 (10.6) | 0.9 | | Wound debridement (n, %) | 18 (4.4) | 7 (5.9) | 11 (3.6) | 0.031 | | ICU days | 4 (3–6) | 5 (3–7) | 4 (3–5) | 0.002 | | Inotropes days | 2 (1-2) | 2 (1–4) | 1 (1-2) | <0.001 | | Ventilator days | 1 (1-2) | 1 (1-2) | 1 (1-1) | 0.019 | | Post-ICU ward days | 5 (3–8) | 6 (4–10) | 4 (3–6) | 0.001 | | Postoperative ECMO (n, %) | 8 (2) | 3 (2.6) | 5 (1.7) | 0.69 | | Postoperative IABP (n, %) | 32 (7.8) | 8 (6.8) | 24 (8.2) | 0.64 | | Tracheostomy (n, %) | 12 (2.9) | 6 (5.1) | 6 (2) | 0.11 | | Hospital mortality (n, %) | 11 (2.7) | 5 (4.3) | 6 (2.04) | 0.04 | | Acute ischemic stroke (n, %) | 30 (7.3) | 12 (10.3) | 18 (6.14) | 0.03 | | Intracranial bleeding (n, %) | 1 (3.2) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.34) | 1 | | Stroke during follow-up (n, %) | 15 (3.7) | 8 (6.8) | 7 (2.4) | 0.01 | | Mortality during follow-up (n, %) | 28 (6.8) | 12 (10.3) | 16 (5.5) | 0.5 |
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