Research Article
Severe Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions at a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia
Table 1
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with severe cutaneous adverse drug reaction (n = 41).
| | DRESS | SJS/TEN | AGEP | n | % | n | % | n | % |
| Gender | Female | | 11 | 47.8 | 6 | 54.6 | 4 | 57.1 | Male | | 12 | 52.2 | 5 | 45.5 | 3 | 42.9 | Age (years) | Mean (SD) | 41.0 (25.4) | 63.5 (24.5) | 47.3 (21.2) | Median (IQR) | 41 (35) | 71 (12) | 40 (32) | Age group | Adult | | 19 | 82.6 | 10 | 90.9 | 6 | 85.7 | Pediatric | | 4 | 17.4 | 1 | 9.1 | 1 | 14.3 | Culprit medication class | Antibiotics | | 14 | 60.9 | 8 | 72.7 | 6 | 85.7 | Anticonvulsants | | 7 | 30.4 | 2 | 18.2 | 0 | 0 | Miscellaneous | | 2 | 8.7 | 1 | 9.1 | 1 | 14.3 | Latency period (days) | Mean (SD) | 17.3 (10.1) | 12.1 (7.5) | 3.9 (4.0) | Median (IQR) | 15 (16) | 10 (13) | 2 (5) | Fever ≥38.5°C | | 18 | 78.3 | 3 | 27.3 | 4 | 57.1 | Facial edema | | 15 | 65.2 | 3 | 27.3 | 0 | 0 | Mucosal involvement | | 1 | 4.4 | 8 | 72.7 | 0 | 0 | Oral involvement | | 1 | 4.4 | 8 | 72.7 | 0 | 0 | Eye involvement | | 0 | 0 | 5 | 45.5 | 0 | 0 | Genital involvement | | 0 | 0 | 5 | 45.5 | 0 | 0 | Enlarged lymph nodes | | 3 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eosinophilia | | 22 | 95.7 | 4 | 36.4 | 2 | 28.6 | | | 5 | 21.7 | 2 | 18.2 | 2 | 28.6 | Eosinophilia grade 2 | | 17 | 73.9 | 2 | 18.2 | 0 | 0 | Atypical lymphocytes | | 22 | 95.7 | 7 | 63.6 | 1 | 14.3 | Leukocytosis | | 15 | 65.2 | 5 | 45.5 | 7 | 100 | Leukopenia | | 2 | 8.7 | 3 | 27.3 | 0 | 0 | Thrombocytosis | | 7 | 30.4 | 2 | 18.2 | 2 | 28.6 | Thrombocytopenia | | 4 | 17.4 | 8 | 72.7 | 1 | 14.3 | Abnormal liver function test | | 18 | 78.3 | 5 | 45.5 | 1 | 14.3 | Abnormal renal function test | | 6 | 26.1 | 1 | 9.1 | 0 | 0 | Lung involvement | | 1 | 4.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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AGEP, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis; DRESS, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation; SJS/TEN, Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis. Grade 1 eosinophilia 700–1499/ μL; grade 2 eosinophilia ≥1500/ μL. |