Tribology of Coated 316L SS by Various Nanoparticles

Table 5

Comparison of the coefficient of friction between 316L SS substrates and various coating materials (Ta, Nb, and V) at different sputtering times (1, 2, and 3 hours) using Tukey’s post hoc tests.

Dependent variables	Independent variables		Mean difference	Sig.
Nb	SS	Nb1	0.190	0.017
		Nb2	0.223	0.007
		Nb3	0.223	0.007
	Nb1	Nb2	0.033	0.895
		Nb3	0.033	0.895
	Nb2	Nb3	0.000	1.000
Ta	SS	Ta1	0.177	0.008
		Ta2	0.177	0.008
		Ta3	0.177	0.008
	Ta1	Ta2	0.000	1.000
		Ta3	0.000	1.000
	Ta2	Ta3	0.000	1.000
V	SS	V1	−0.013	0.993
		V2	−0.040	0.863
		V3	−0.090	0.362
	V1	V2	−0.027	0.953
		V3	−0.077	0.486
	V2	V3	−0.050	0.770
1 hr	SS	Nb	0.223	0.012
		Ta	0.177	0.041
		V	−0.013	0.994
	Nb	Ta	−0.047	0.813
		V	−0.237	0.009
	Ta	V	−0.190	0.029
2 hrs	SS	Nb	0.190	0.006
		Ta	0.0177	0.009
		V	−0.040	0.752
	Nb	Ta	−0.013	0.986
		V	−0.230	0.002
	Ta	V	−0.217	0.003
3 hrs	SS	Nb	0.223	0.005
		Ta	0.0177	0.019
		V	−0.090	0.265
	Nb	Ta	−0.047	0.735
		V	−0.313	0.001
	Ta	V	−0.267	0.002

The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.