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| Expression | Regulation and function | Connection to diseases | Reference |
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FABP4 | Adipocyte | Induction by fatty acids, PPARγ agonists, dexamethazone, and insulin | | [23–27] |
| | Lipolysis (interaction with HSL) | | [28–30] |
| | Regulation of insulin secretion during lipolysis | | [29] |
| | Fatty acid sensor (interaction with JAK2) | | [31] |
| | Regulation of lipid metabolism and differentiation (interaction with PTEN) | | [32] |
| | Protection from insulin resistance and diabetes in deficient mice | Insulin resistance, diabetes | [14, 15, 18, 19, 21] |
| | Protection from insulin resistance and diabetes by a FABP4 inhibitor | Insulin resistance, diabetes | [33] |
| Macrophage | Induction by PMA, LPS, PPARγ agonists, ox-LDL, and AGE/RAGE | | [11, 34–38] |
| | Reduction by atorvastatin and metformin | | [39, 40] |
| | Activation of IKK-NF-κB pathway | | [41] |
| | Activation of JNK-AP-1 pathway | | [42] |
| | Inhibition of PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1 pathway | | [41] |
| | FOXO1-mediated transcription | | [40] |
| | Association with ER stress | | [22] |
| | Protection from insulin resistance and diabetes in double-deficient mice* | Insulin resistance, diabetes | [21] |
| | Protection from atherosclerosis in deficient mice | Atherosclerosis | [11, 16, 20] |
| | Protection from insulin resistance and atherosclerosis by a FABP4 inhibitor | Insulin resistance, atherosclerosis | [33] |
| Dendritic cell | Activation of IKK-NF-κB pathway | | [12] |
| | T-cell priming | | [12] |
| Endothelial cell | Expression in capillary and small vein but not in artery | | [43] |
| | Regulation by VEGF-A/VEGFR2 and bFGF | | [43] |
| | Induction in regenerated endothelial cells after balloon denudation of artery | | [44] |
| | Induction by intermittent hypoxia | | [45] |
| | FOXO1-mediated transcription inhibited by angiopoietin-1 | | [46] |
| | Expression in aortic endothelium of old ApoE-deficient mice | | [47] |
| | Improvement of dysfunction in aortic endothelium by a FABP4 inhibitor | Endothelial dysfunction | [47] |
| | Association with oxidative stress and activation of NF-κB and P53 pathways | Cellular senescence | [48, 49] |
| Bronchial epithelial cell | Induction by Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 | | [13] |
| | Suppression by Th1 cytokine interferon γ | | [13] |
| | Noninduction by PPARγ agonists | | [13] |
| | Protection from asthma in deficient mice | Asthma | [13] |
| Lung | Detection in lung lavage cells obtained from patients | Bronchopulmonary dysplasia | [50] |
| | Detection in lung lavage cells obtained from patients | Sarcoidosis | [51] |
| Ovary | Expression in granulosa cells inside atretic antral follicles | | [52] |
| | Association with FABP4 gene polymorphisms | Polycystic ovary syndrome | [53] |
| Spleen | Induction by dexamethazone | | [54] |
| T cell | Induction by dexamethazone | | [54] |
| Keratinocyte | Induction in PTEN-deficient keratinocytes | | [55] |
| Tumor | Detection in tumor | Lipoblastoma, liposarcoma | [56] |
| | Detection in tumor | Urothelial carcinoma | [57] |
FABP5 | Adipocyte | Lipolysis | | [58] |
| | Protection from insulin resistance and diabetes in deficient mice | Insulin resistance, diabetes | [17–19, 21] |
| | Induction of insulin resistance in adipose-specific transgenic mice | Insulin resistance, diabetes | [17] |
| Macrophage | Regulation by TLR agonists: LPS (TLR4) and zymosan (TLR2) | | [59] |
| | Induction of inflammatory genes, COX2 and IL-6 | | [60] |
| | Protection from insulin resistance and diabetes in double-deficient mice* | Insulin resistance, diabetes | [21] |
| | Protection from atherosclerosis in deficient mice | Atherosclerosis | [20, 60] |
| Liver | Induction by a high-cholesterol diet feeding in LDL-receptor-deficient mice | | [61] |
| Others | Expression in skin, dendritic cell, tongue, mammary gland, brain, intestine, kidney, lung, heart, skeletal muscle, testis, retina, lens, and spleen | | [7] |
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