The PTP1B Inhibitor Trodusquemine (MSI-1436) Improves Glucose Uptake in Equine Metabolic Syndrome Affected Liver through Anti-Inflammatory and Antifibrotic Activity

Figure 4

MSI-1436 regulates proteolytic ECM remodeling in EMS livers. (a) Relative gene expression of master metalloproteinases. (b) Relative protein expression of ECM-associated MMPs. Results were normalized to the expression of endogenous β-actin control. (c) Expression of metallopeptidase inhibitors 1 and 2. Representative data from three independent experiments are shown ± SD (n = 3). An asterisk () indicates a comparison among healthy, EMS, and EMS-treated groups. p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001. Eq Liver_HE: liver explants derived from healthy horses; Eq Liver_EMS: untreated liver explants derived from EMS horses. Eq Liver_EMS + 1 µM MSI-1436: liver explants derived from EMS horses and treated with 1 µM of MSI-1436 inhibitor.

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