Autoimmune Regulator Gene Polymorphisms in Egyptian Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: Preliminary Results

Figure 2

The frequency of comorbidities among the lupus cohort. HTN: systemic hypertension; APS: antiphospholipid syndrome; DM: diabetes mellitus; RHD: rheumatic heart disease; OP: osteoporosis; HCV: hepatitis C virus; IHD: ischemic heart disease. The Sydney classification criteria were used [41]. ^†Diagnosis of osteoporosis was based on a patient’s low bone mineral density in comparison to that of a healthy adult of matched age and sex plus the presence of an osteoporotic fracture(s) [42].