Research Article

Fractional-Order Model for Evolution of Bovine Tuberculosis with Vaccination and Contaminated Environment

Table 1

Parameter values and descriptions.

ParameterValueInterpretationSources

Human recruitment rate37[4, 5]
Animal recruitment rate200[5]
Natural mortality rate of animals0.015Given
Natural mortality rate of humans0.04Given
, , Infection rates in humans , , and , respectively0.350, 0.550, 0.999[5]
Incubation period for animals0.3805Given
Incubation period for humans0.3805Given
Vaccination rate in humans0.805Given
Death rate from animal sickness0.2507Given
Death rate from human sickness0.0500[4]
Rate of dairy production0.600[3]
Human waning immunity rate0.0300Given
Vaccine efficacy rate0.500Given
Environmental contamination rate0.7Given
, , Infection rate of animals from , , and ,0.25, 0.70, 0.50[5], given, given