The Combined Effects of Tai Chi, Resistance Training, and Diet on Physical Function and Body Composition in Obese Older Women
Table 2
Baseline data and postintervention changes in physical and muscle function in the EXD and CON groups.
Variable
EXD group ( = 17)
CON group ( = 9)
P value between-group
SPPB score (0–12)
Baseline
8.4 (2.5)
8.9 (2.9)
0.628
Postintervention
9.1 (2.9)
9.0 (2.6)
Change
0.8 (2.4)
0.5 (1.9)
0.810
4 m gait speed time (s)
Baseline
5.41 (1.47)
5.17 (1.20)
0.681
Postintervention
5.35 (1.67)
5.17 (1.26)
Change
−0.06 (1.00)
−0.16 (0.37)
0.781
Five-chair stand (s)
Baseline
10.75 (5.85)
14.24 (3.87)
0.122
Postintervention
11.08 (6.35)
14.63 (5.18)
Change
0.33 (6.24)
−0.01 (2.98)
0.624
Flexibility score (cm)
Baseline
9.6 (10.4)
3.8 (3.9)
0.124
Postintervention
6.4 (11.1)
2.0 (6.5)
Change
−2.3 (5.4)
−1.7 (7.0)
0.930
Knee ext. torque (kg-m)
Baseline
6.74 (2.2)
6.65 (1.10)
0.907
Postintervention
7.67 (5.68)
6.10 (2.21)
Change
0.92 (5.51)
−0.54 (2.54)
0.477
Grip strength (kg)
Baseline
19.38 (6.90)
18.93 (6.06)
0.871
Postintervention
20.12 (6.57)
19.13 (5.14)
Change
0.72 (4.09)
0.95 (3.31)
0.969
The EXD group improved flexibility by 2.3 (5.4) cm with the 12-week intervention ( = 0.07); however, no significant changes occurred with the 12-week intervention. Ext.: Extension. All data were analyzed using analysis of covariance adjusted for baseline values. All data are expressed as least squared means (standard error).
