The Cooccurrence of Obesity, Osteoporosis, and Sarcopenia in the Ovariectomized Rat: A Study for Modeling Osteosarcopenic Obesity in Rodents

Figure 3

The effects of ovariectomy (ovx) and 17β-estradiol (ovx + E₂) on BV/TV, bone volume/total volume (a and b); Tb. N, trabecular number (c and d); Tb. Sp., trabecular separation (e and f); Tb. Th., trabecular thickness (g and h); Conn. D, connectivity density (i and j); SMI, structure model index (k and l) of right tibiae and 4th lumbar vertebrae in rats from the cohorts of initial ages of five (a, c, e, g, i, and k) and ten months (b, d, f, h, j, and l). Values are means ± SEM. Bars that do not share the same superscript letters are significantly () different from each other. Small and large letters represent tibia and lumbar, respectively ( per treatment group). Ovariectomy significantly decreased tibia and lumbar trabecular BV/TV, bone volume/total volume, in both age groups that was only prevented by estrogen, in the vertebral bone of younger animals (a and b). In both age groups the mean proximal tibial values for Tb. N were significantly reduced following ovariectomy that was prevented by E₂. However, a significant loss of vertebral Tb. N only was observed in ovx rats (c and d). Tb. Sp. significantly increased in both tibiae and vertebrae of the older ovx rats and tibiae of the younger ovx group; only the latter was prevented by E₂ (e and f). Reduced levels of Tb. Th. reached a significant level only in the tibiae of the older ovx animals which was not prevented by E₂ (g and h). Conn. D was reduced in tibiae of both ovx age groups and vertebrae of the older animals. The latter was prevented by estrogen (i and j). SMI values for both bones increased in both ovx age groups which was prevented by E₂ only in vertebral bones (l).

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