Research Article
Decline in Memory, Visuospatial Ability, and Crystalized Cognitive Abilities in Older Adults: Normative Aging or Terminal Decline?
Table 2
Significant parameter estimates for models identified as best fitting in Table
1.
| | | Cognitive status | Memory | Visuospatial ability | Crystallized cognitive abilities | | | MMSE | CLOCK | PROSE | MEMRECOG | MEMCORRES | DIGSPAN | BLOCK | SYNUM | INFO |
| | Intercept | 25.84 (0.39) | 13.49 (0.29) | 8.66 (0.36) | 9.54 (0.19) | 6.86 (0.20) | 3.21 (0.10) | 10.35 (0.52) | 17.67 (0.33) | 32.04 (0.84) | | Age L | | | | | | | | | −0.61 (0.10) | | Age Q | | | | | | | | | −0.08 (0.02) | | T Death L | −1.31 (0.13) | −0.29 (0.10) | −0.22 (0.08) | −0.10 (0.04) | −0.29 (0.04) | −0.10 (0.02) | −0.55 (0.11) | −0.19 (0.04) | | | T Death Q | −0.16 (0.02) | −0.04 (0.01) | | | | | | | | | Age (baseline) | −0.36 (0.06) | −0.18 (0.04) | | −0.09 (0.03) | −0.12 (0.03) | | −0.30 (0.09) | | | | Female | | | | | 0.76 (0.21) | | | | −3.64 (0.89) | | Education | 0.41 (0.08) | 0.16 (0.06) | 0.39 (0.06) | 0.08 (0.04) | 0.13 (0.04) | 0.13 (0.02) | 0.58 (0.11) | | 1.84 (0.18) | | Dementia | −1.34 (0.43) | −6.70 (0.31) | −5.72 (0.33) | −5.22 (0.20) | −4.58 (0.22) | −1.32 (0.11) | −6.41 (0.56) | −2.89 (0.61) | −12.83 (0.95) | | T Death (baseline) | 0.41 (0.06) | 0.14 (0.04) | −0.32 (0.04) | | 0.07 (0.02) | 0.03 (0.01) | | | −0.58 (0.11) | | Linear slope | | | | | | | | | | | Age (baseline) | −0.04 (.02) | | | | | 0.008 (0.001) | | | 0.1 (0.03) | | Dementia | −1.89 (0.13) | −1.26 (0.10) | −0.59 (0.07) | −0.65 (0.03) | −0.38 (0.04) | −0.15 (0.02) | −0.47 (0.09) | −0.19 (0.09) | −1.02 (0.14) | | T Death (baseline) | | | −0.02 (0.01) | −0.01 (0.005) | −0.01 (0.005) | −0.007 (0.003) | −0.02 (0.01) | | −0.06 (0.01) | | Quadratic slope | | | | | | | | | | | Female | | | | | | | | | −0.05 (0.02) | | Dementia | −0.09 (0.01) | −0.07 (0.01) | | | | | | | 0.06 (0.02) | | T Death (baseline) | −0.01 (0.002) | −0.003 (0.001) | | | | | | | | | Variances | | | | | | | | | | | Intercept | 16.92 (1.59) | 8.17 (0.64) | 7.32 (0.66) | 2.88 (0.24) | 3.12 (0.27) | 0.63 (0.07) | 26.48 (2.01) | 20.14 (1.66) | 28.95 (5.70) | | Slope linear | | | 0.04 (0.01) | | | | 0.16 (0.04) | 0.06 (0.02) | 0.57 (0.12) | | Slope quadratic | | | | | | | | | | | Residual | 11.46 (0.74) | 6.43 (0.25) | 5.64 (0.29) | 2.35 (0.10) | 3.05 (0.13) | 1.41 (0.05) | 10.64 (0.54) | 7.45 (0.44) | 15.87 (0.91) | | ΔPseudo | .73 | .23 | .40 | .48 | .17 | .08 | .16 | .02 | .90 |
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Note. MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination, CLOCK: Swedish Clock Test, PROSE: Prose Recall Test, MEMRECOG: Memory Recognition Test, MEMCORRESP: Memory Correspondence Test, DIGSPAN: Digit Span Backward Test, BLOCK: Kohs Block Design Test, SYNUM: Synonyms Test, and INFO: Information Test.
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