Reductions in Muscle Strength and Range of Motion Cause Locomotion Disability via Locomotion-Related Functional Limitation in Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Table 2
Physical characteristics, grip strength, range of motion, locomotor performance test scores, and ADL survey’s locomotor domain (mean ± SD).
Variables
Entire sample (n = 144)
Men (n = 61)
Women (n = 83)
value
Age (years)
70.6 ± 5.9
71.1 ± 6.0
70.1 ± 5.9
0.312a
Height (cm)
157.2 ± 8.2
164.1 ± 6.3
152.2 ± 5.3
<0.001
Weight (kg)
56.3 ± 9.2
61.5 ± 8.0
52.5 ± 8.0
<0.001
BMI (kg/m2)
22.7 ± 2.9
22.8 ± 2.3
22.6 ± 3.2
0.328a
Grip strength (kg)
30.3 ± 9.3
39.2 ± 6.9
23.8 ± 3.6
<0.001a
Range of motion
Hip flexion (degrees)
118.2 ± 9.7
117.1 ± 8.3
119.0 ± 10.6
0.247
Knee flexion (degrees)
24.8 ± 8.2
123.6 ± 8.1
126.0 ± 8.6
0.030a
Locomotor performance test scores
10 m hurdle walking test (seconds)
6.7 ± 1.6
6.4 ± 2.0
6.9 ± 1.3
<0.001a
Side-step test (scores)
32.4 ± 6.8
33.7 ± 7.2
31.5 ± 6.3
0.055
ADL survey’s locomotor domain total scores
12.7 ± 2.0
13.4 ± 1.6
12.2 ± 2.1
<0.001a
Q1 (scores)
2.6 ± 0.6
2.7 ± 0.5
2.5 ± 0.6
0.040a
Q2 (scores)
2.2 ± 0.7
2.3 ± 0.7
2.1 ± 0.7
0.086a
Q3 (scores)
2.6 ± 0.6
2.8 ± 0.4
2.5 ± 0.6
0.003a
Q4 (scores)
2.6 ± 0.5
2.7 ± 0.5
2.6 ± 0.6
0.342a
Q5 (scores)
2.7 ± 0.5
2.9 ± 0.3
2.5 ± 0.5
<0.001a
ADL, activities of daily living; athe Mann–Whitney U test.