The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Older Primary Care Patients and Their Family Members

Table 2

Logistic regression results for patient depression and anxiety adjusting for patient characteristics.

Variables	Depression		Anxiety
	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	-value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	-value
Recruited During COVID	0.84 (0.67, 1.06)	0.134	0.85 (0.62, 1.17)	0.328
Age	0.98 (0.96, 1.00)	0.074	0.98 (0.96, 1.01)	0.159
Sex
Male	0.78 (0.62, 0.97)	0.025	0.84 (0.62, 1.13)	0.247
Race
African american	0.82 (0.58, 1.16)	0.273	0.66 (0.41, 1.05)	0.078
White (reference)	1.00		1.00
Other	0.71 (0.27, 1.86)	0.489	0.24 (0.03, 1.88)	0.175
Education
High school or less	1.40 (1.00, 1.96)	0.052	2.13 (1.35, 3.35)	0.001
Some college or college degree	1.27 (0.97, 1.65)	0.079	1.48 (1.01, 2.17)	0.047
Postgraduate (reference)	1.00		1.00
Income
Comfortable	0.21 (0.11, 0.37)	<0.001	0.23 (0.13, 0.44)	<0.001
Just enough to make ends meet	0.43 (0.23, 0.80)	0.008	0.44 (0.23, 0.85)	0.015
Not enough to make ends meet (reference)	1.00		1.00
Recruitment Setting
Rural	0.72 (0.52, 1.00)	0.049	0.72 (0.46, 1.13)	0.152
Suburban	0.98 (0.75, 1.26)	0.849	0.86 (0.61, 1.22)	0.398
Urban (reference)	1.00		1.00

Note. (PHQ-9 score of ≥5); (GAD-7 score ≥5).