Review on Medical Applications of Manganese Oxide (Mn²⁺, Mn³⁺, and Mn⁴⁺) Magnetic Nanoparticles

Table 2

Manganese oxides-based hyperthermia agents.

Nanoparticle	Preparation	Size (nm)	Ms (emu/g)	Hc (Oe)	SAR	Applied magnetic field	Cancer	References
Calcium-doped manganese ferrite nanoparticles	Sol–gel method	10–20	—	—	36.3 W/g	7.98 kA/m and 616 kHz	HEK 293T (ATCC CRL-3216)	[122]
MnFe2O4	Coprecipitation method	37.8	49.6, 45.8, and 43.9	—	—	—	—	[123]
MnFe2O4	Hydrothermal	21	75	149	296 W/g	150–450 Oe and at a fixed frequency of 316 kHz	HeLa and Saos−2 cancer cell lines	[124]
γ-Fe2O3@MnxOy@SiO2	Thermolysis	25	—	—	—	4 kW	MCF-7, A549	[125]
Mn-doped magnetic clusters	Hydrothermal	34.55 ± 3.41	—	—	∼600 W/g MNC (or 2197.80 W/g magnetic content (Fe + Mn))	405 kHz with field amplitude of 168 Oe	—	[126]
MnxFe1−xFe2O4 (x = 0−1)	Chemical coprecipitation	10 ± 0.2– 13 ± 0.2	—	—	153.76 W/g	13.3–26.7 kA/m 277 kHz	—	[127]
Co1−xMnxFe2O4	Coprecipitation	10–50	12.28– 57.4	0.1–6.1	8.9–66.8	30 mT, 342 kHz	—	[131]
Caffeine-based N-heterocyclic carbene silver complex magnetic nanoparticles	—	—	75	—	180.97	335.2 Oe	—	[132]
PEG-CoFe2O4	Combustion method	25 and 28	82.87	1,229	—	—	—	[133]