Treatment for Osteoporosis among Women in Japan: Associations with Patient Characteristics and Patient-Reported Outcomes in the 2008–2011 Japan National Health and Wellness Surveys

Table 3

Patient characteristics according to type of osteoporosis treatment ().

	Raloxifene		Bisphosphonates		Active vitamin D3 alone		Calcitonin alone
	()		()		()		()
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	value^1
Age	66.5	7.0	67.1	6.9	68.4	7.5	66.8	8.0	0.490
CCI	0.15	0.36	0.41	2.53	0.47	1.02	0.20	0.50	0.787
Length of diagnosis	4.6	4.4	5.2	5.8	5.6	6.0	4.9	5.1	0.934
		%		%		%		%	value^2
Married/living with partner	37	80.4%	214	71.8%	39	65.0%	33	71.7%	0.382
University degree or greater	9	19.6%	48	16.1%	9	15.0%	6	13.0%	0.854
Household income									0.266
Below median	22	47.8%	155	52.0%	30	50.0%	27	58.7%
Above median	14	30.4%	115	38.6%	24	40.0%	14	30.4%
Declined answering	10	21.7%	28	9.4%	6	10.0%	5	10.9%
Cigarette smoking									0.065
Never smoker	42	91.3%	227	76.2%	46	76.7%	35	76.1%
Current smoker	2	4.3%	34	11.4%	3	5.0%	2	4.3%
Former smoker	2	4.3%	37	12.4%	11	18.3%	9	19.6%
Daily alcohol use	2	4.3%	34	11.4%	3	5.0%	2	4.3%	0.130
Exercise	31	67.4%	172	57.7%	32	53.3%	21	45.7%	0.185
BMI categories									0.994
Underweight	6	13.0%	38	12.8%	7	11.7%	6	13.0%
Normal	34	73.9%	230	77.2%	47	78.3%	36	78.3%
Overweight or obese	5	10.9%	23	7.7%	5	8.3%	4	8.7%
Declined to answer	1	2.2%	7	2.3%	1	1.7%	0	0.0%
Completed menopause	37	80.4%	233	78.2%	45	75.0%	36	78.3%	0.923
On glucocorticoids	1	2.2%	19	6.4%	3	5.0%	2	4.3%	0.671
Back pain	6	13.0%	38	12.8%	9	15.0%	5	10.9%	0.938
Arthritis	6	13.0%	56	18.8%	10	16.7%	10	21.7%	0.712
Family history of osteoporosis	11	23.9%	69	23.2%	17	28.3%	13	28.3%	0.770
Have you ever had a bone mass; density test/scan?									0.720
Yes	43	93.5%	273	91.6%	55	91.7%	42	91.3%
No	1	2.2%	15	5.0%	3	5.0%	4	8.7%
Not sure	2	4.3%	10	3.4%	2	3.3%	0	0.0%
Fracture since age 50	12	26.1%	131	44.0%	23	38.3%	20	43.5%	0.135
Moderate or severe osteoporosis	23	50.0%	138	46.3%	27	45.0%	24	52.2%	0.847
Visited physician (prior 6 months)	45	97.8%	286	96.0%	56	93.3%	45	97.8%	0.591
Visited ER (prior 6 months)	3	6.5%	24	8.1%	7	11.7%	4	8.7%	0.780
Visited hospital (prior 6 months)	4	8.7%	28	9.4%	6	10.0%	3	6.5%	0.926

 ¹One-way ANOVA; ²Pearson chi-square test; CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; BMD: bone mineral density; BMI: body mass index; ER: emergency room.