Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: The Molecular Connectivity between Insulin Resistance, Obesity, and Alzheimer’s Disease

Figure 1

Neurodegeneration, insulin resistance, obesity, and T2DM. Metabolic overload, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress promote cellular dysregulation in both T2DM and AD. Brain IR may occur in the absence of diabetes suggesting that AD may develop in the earlier stages of insulin resistance. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are considered two key factors linking diabetes and AD [2].