The Role of the Reactive Oxygen Species and Oxidative Stress in the Pathomechanism of the Age-Related Ocular Diseases and Other Pathologies of the Anterior and Posterior Eye Segments in Adults

<div>Schematic overview of the influence of ROS and the oxidative stress on the retina and the optic nerve head changes in the course of glaucomatous neurodegeneration. IOP, intraocular pressure; ROS, reactive oxygen species; mtDNA, mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid; RGCs, retinal ganglion cells; BECN1/PtdIns3K, Beclin 1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; AGEs, advanced glycation end products; ONH, optic nerve head; TNF-<i>α</i>, tumor necrosis factor alpha; NO, nitric oxide; AGE/RAGE, advanced glycation end product/receptor for advanced glycation end product; MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases; ECM, extracellular matrix.</div>

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Figure 2: The Role of the Reactive Oxygen Species and Oxidative Stress in the Pathomechanism of the Age-Related Ocular Diseases and Other Pathologies of the Anterior and Posterior Eye Segments in Adults 

Figure 2 | The Role of the Reactive Oxygen Species and Oxidative Stress in the Pathomechanism of the Age-Related Ocular Diseases and Other Pathologies of the Anterior and Posterior Eye Segments in Adults 