Research Article

BACE1 Inhibition Utilizing Organic Compounds Holds Promise as a Potential Treatment for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases

Table 3

Interaction modes between BACE1 active site and its top-ranked herbal inhibitors.

Ligand nameHydrogen bond (distance Å)Hydrophobic interaction (distance Å)Electrostatic (distance Å)

Ponciretin (before MD)Asn111 (4.39 classical); Lys107 (4.49 classical)Ile110 (4.23 alkyl); Lys107 (4.72 alkyl); Phe47 (5.70 pi-alkyl); His45 (7.6 pi-alkyl)NA
Ponciretin (after MD)Asn111 (4.18 classical); Phe109 (3.93 nonclassical, 4.66 nonclassical)Lys107 (6.2 alkyl); Phe47 (6.69 pi-alkyl)NA
Chrysophanol (before MD)Asp32 (4.74 classical; 4.75 classical)Arg128 (6.39 alkyl); Val69 (6.34 alkyl); Tyr198 (6.07)NA
Chrysophanol (after MD)Gly34 (4.11 classical)NANA
Danthron (before MD)Asp106 (3.04 classical, 3.27 classical, 4.73 classical); Lys107 (3.44 classical)Lys107 (4.63 alkyl); Phe47 (6.6 pi-alkyl, His45 (7.29 pi-alkyl)NA
Danthron (after MD)Asp106 (4.32 classical); Lys107 (4.02 nonclassical)NANA
N-p-Coumaroyltyramine (before MD)Phe108 (3.65 classical); Tyr231 (3.62 classical); Asp228 (4.5 classical); Asp32 (4.22 salt-bridge)Leu30 (5.62 alkyl); Tyr71 (7.13 pi-alkyl)Asp228 (5.59 salt bridge); Asp32 (4.72 salt bridge)
N-p-Coumaroyltyramine (after MD)Phe108 (4.86 classical); Asp32 (4.46 nonclassical); Asp228 (4.55 nonclassical)Trp115 (7.65 pi-alkyl)Asp32 (4.38 salt bridge); Asp228 (4.12 salt bridge)
6-[2-(1H-INDOL-6-YL)ETHYL]PYRIDIN-2-AMINE (Before MD)Lys107 (4.54 classical); Asp106 (3.45 classical); Ser105 (4.33 classical)Ile110 (4.31 pi-alkyl, 5.10 pi-alkyl)NA
6-[2-(1H-INDOL-6-YL)ETHYL]PYRIDIN-2-AMINE (after MD)Ser105 (5.00 classical); Asp106 (3.43 classical)Lys107 (4.37 pi-alkyl)Lys107 (4.37 pi-charge)

The bold typeface is employed to exhibit stable interactions before and after MD simulations. BACE1, β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1; MD, molecular dynamics; NA, not available.