Research Article
Sex-Related Effects of Adrenergic Drugs on Conditioned Pain Modulation: A Randomized Controlled Cross-Over Double-Blind Trial
Figure 1
Scores for men and women for the 4 different conditions (baseline, placebo, esmolol, and ephedrine). (a) Mean pain intensity ratings during the cold pressor test (CPT). (b) Mean conditioned pain modulation (CPM) effectiveness. for the difference between men and women calculated using contrast in the overall mixed model that includes the interaction between condition and sex.
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