Shoulder Pain, Functional Status, and Health-Related Quality of Life after Head and Neck Cancer Surgery

Table 3

Bivariate analyses among independent and outcome variables (Pearson 𝑟).

Independent variables	Outcome variables
	Global HRQOL	Physical well-being	Functional well-being	Emotional well-being	Social well-being
Symptom experience
Shoulder pain intensity	−0.20	−0.42^a	−0.19	−0.17	0.26
Shoulder pain distress	−0.24	−0.49^a	−0.21	−0.18	0.26
Functional status
Shoulder abduction	0.27	0.35	0.46^a	0.20	−0.38
Breathing impairment	−0.17	−0.06	0.05	−0.31	−0.24
Eating impairment	−0.42^a	−0.45^a	−0.53^b	−0.20	−0.10
Speaking impairment	−0.32	−0.10	−0.56^b	−0.15	−0.20
Impaired body image	−0.33	−0.23	−0.45^a	−0.11	−0.07

HRQOL: health-related quality of life.
^a𝑃<0.05.
^b𝑃<0.01.