Condition Monitoring and Quantitative Evaluation of Railway Bridge Substructures Using Vehicle-Induced Vibration Responses by Sparse Measurement

Table 8

Equivalent spring stiffness at the bottom of pier 494#.

Type	Translational springs (N/m)			Torsional springs (N/(m·rad))
	Value	9.517 × 10^8	9.372 × 10^8	1.283 × 10^10	1.513 × 10^11	7.663 × 10^10	1.702 × 10^10