Parents' Beliefs about Children's Math Development and Children's Participation in Math Activities

Table 2

Beliefs of parents by age group of children.

	B	Statistical test	𝑃
Importance of children doing math at home^1	0.09	F(1, 70) = 0.23	.632
Beliefs about how children learn math^2
Engagement	1.13	Wald 𝜒^2(𝑁=73,1)=0.05	.818
Skills	2.13	Wald 𝜒^2(𝑁=73,1)=1.52	.218
Daily living	0.76	Wald 𝜒^2(𝑁=73,1)=0.32	.572
Parents’ role in their children’s math learning
Role models^1	−0.08	F(1, 70) = 0.10	.750
Provide artifacts^2	1.26	Wald 𝜒^2(𝑁=73,1)=0.21	.649
Active involvement^1	0.27	F(1, 70) = 2.44	.122
Parents’ own math skills^1
How good parents are at math	0.11	F(1, 70) = 0.23	.634
How much parents enjoy math	0.09	F(1, 70) = 0.10	.756

Note. Parents’ highest level of education was used as a covariate in all analyses. There were 40 parents of younger and 33 parents of older children included in analyses.
¹ANCOVA parameter estimates reported for comparisons between groups.
²Logistic regression odds ratios reported for group predicting endorsement of each belief.