The Assessment of Critical Thinking Critically Assessed in Higher Education: A Validation Study of the CCTT and the HCTA

Table 3

Descriptive statistics for the CCTT (𝑁=157).

Scale	Max value	November				May				𝑡	df	𝑃
		M	SD	Min	Max	M	SD	Min	Max
Total	51	27.13	4.24	15	37	27.53	4.39	16	39	1.049	156	.296
I Deduction	10	6.26	1.37	3	10	6.11	1.51	2	9	−0.947	156	.345
II Meaning & fallacies	10	3.45	1.49	0	8	3.95	1.49	1	8	3.419	156	.001
III Observation & credibility of sources	4	2.31	1.00	0	4	2.38	1.04	0	4	0.710	156	.479
IV/V Induction	17	9.50	1.91	5	14	9.32	1.83	4	14	−1.068	156	.287
VI/VII Definition & assumption identification	10	5.60	1.64	1	9	5.76	1.69	1	9	1.058	156	.292