Assessing of Celiac Disease and Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity

Table 1

Classification of CD subtypes.

CD subtype	Symptoms	Serology^+/HLA^++	Pathology classification
			Marsh	Marsh-Oberhuber	Corazza
Classical	Gastrointestinal symptoms and signs (diarrhea, abdominal distension, constipation, and abdominal pain)	+/+	Type 2/3^*	Type 2/3a, b or c^*	Grade A/B1 or B2^*
Nonclassical	Extraintestinal symptoms and signs (anemia, neuropathy, osteoporosis, and short stature)	+/+	Type 2/3	Type 2/3a, b or c	Grade A/B1 or B2
Subclinical	Asymptomatic	+/+	Type 2/3	Type 2/3a, b or c	Grade A/B1 or B2
Potential	Presence or absence of symptoms	+/+	Type 0/1^**	Type 0/1^**	Normal/Grade A^**

⁺positive CD-specific serology (mainly IgA-EMA, IgA-tTG, and/or IgG-DGP).
⁺⁺Presence of genes/haplotype associated with CD (see Table 2).
^*Intraepithelial lymphocytosis (≥25/100 enterocytes) with crypt hyperplasia (Marsh-Oberhuber type 2) and partial/total villous atrophy.
^**Normal architecture/intraepithelial lymphocytosis.
References [21–27].