Management of Vegetation by Alternative Practices in Fields and Roadsides

Table 5

Assessments of conventional and alternative herbicides and mechanical treatments on early season control of vegetation in field plots with annual and perennial vegetation (Field Experiment  1).

Treatment	Rating and type of vegetation and date^†
	August 1		September 9
	Annual	Perennial	Annual	Perennial
	Visual index^‡
None	0	0	0	0
Clove oil^§	2.6	4.1	0.7	0.7
Pelargonic acid^§	4.8	4.1	0.7	0.7
Citric acid^¶	0.5	2.4	0	0.4
Corn gluten meal^§	9.7	8.5	4.7	3.2
Flaming	10.0	8.0	7.8	5.0
Mulches^¶	10.0	10.0	9.0	9.2
Glyphosate	10.0	10.0	8.8	7.0
Glufosinate ammonium	10.0	10.0	8.5	1.0
LSD	1.0	1.6	1.3	1.0

^†Treatments applied on July 20, 2005. See Table 1.
^‡Visual rating index of efficacy of materials; see Table 3.
^§Means of 3 rates of alternative herbicides; effects of rates of application were nonsignificant.
^¶Including means of two citric acid based herbicides, the effects of which were not significantly different. Bark mulch or woodchips mulch did not differ in effects, and means of the two mulches are tabulated.