Since the pioneering work by Sommerfeld at the beginning of the twentieth century for the problem of propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves over a flat infinite plate, the above problem, in particular for propagation of EM waves over the surface of the earth, has attracted very much interest from the research community in “Antennas and Propagation” from both theoretical and practical points of view. During the 1930s, well known papers by K. A. Norton, based on the integral formulation by Sommerfeld, resulted in approximate solutions for the problem of radiation from vertical or horizontal antennas radiating over the surface of the earth, including expressions for the “space” and “surface” waves. Formulations for both flat and curved surfaces of the earth were derived at that time, while very soon both analytical mathematical formulae and experimental results were derived.

Since that time, and up to today, a great number of research studies have been published in the “Antennas and Propagation” community relevant to the above problem, probably because of additional practical interest for mobile and wireless telecommunications. These include from a variety of rigorous electromagnetic methods of propagation to simple models of propagation, or to rather empirical methods for mobile telecommunications applications based on measurements. In addition, we may point out here that, to our knowledge, a closed-form exact and analytical expression for the received EM field, based on a rigorous EM method, is not yet available in the literature. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

• Rigorous/approximate formulations for the EM propagation problem described above
• Empirical models for the above propagation problem, based on measurements
• Theoretical or experimental investigations for the propagation problem described above
• All the above may refer either to flat earth or curved earth model, as it is usually the case in the related literature, mentioned above

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