Prevalent Obstacles and Predictors for People Living with Type 2 Diabetes
Table 4
Predictors of patients’ assessments about daily obstacles in living with T2DM by multinomial logistic analysis. Odds ratios with 95% confidence interval (OR; 95% CI).
Disagree
Neutral
Agree
(%)
Mean (SD)
(%)
Mean (SD)
OR (95% CI)
(%)
Mean (SD)
OR (95% CI)
Using insulin makes life too complicated
42
29
67
Age (year)
67.8 (8.9)
69.1 (9.7)
1.02 (.96; 1.08)
0.58
65 (10.2)
.94 (.89; .99)
0.02
Use of insulin
23 (57.5)
3 (10.7)
.10 (.02; .39)
0.00
12 (19.4)
.14 (.05; .41)
0.00
Neuropathy
19 (45.2)
7 (24.1)
1.33 (.32; 5.53)
0.69
12 (18.2)
.13 (.04; .47)
0.00
Microangiopathy
17 (40.5)
4 (13.8)
.24 (.05; 1.18)
0.08
39 (28.5)
1.88 (.60; 5.82)
0.28
Nephropathy
8 (19.0)
4 (13.8)
1.09 (.24; 4.98)
0.91
18 (27.3)
4.44 (1.28; 15.44)
0.02
I believe type 2 diabetes is mild compared with type 1
22
30
75
Systolic BP
136.4 (8.6)
141.6 (10.3)
1.09 (1.02; 1.16)
0.01
138.5 (12.4)
1.06 (1.00; 1.12)
0.04
Use of insulin
12 (54.5)
12 (40)
.62 (.16; 2.35)
0.48
13 (17.1)
.20 (.06; .63)
0.01
Use of tablets
16 (72.7)
31 (96.9)
26.37 (2.46; 282.72)
0.01
74 (92.5)
6.36 (1.38; 29.24)
0.02
BMI
34.8 (5.9)
31.9 (4.6)
.87 (.78; .97)
0.05
32.0 (6.2)
.91 (.84; 1.00)
0.04
I do not know enough about the treatment for diabetes
39
23
65
Age (year)
69.0 (9.3)
69.0 (9.0)
1 (.95; 1.06)
0.97
65.0 (10.0)
.96 (.92; 1.00)
0.03
I do not know as much as I need to know about the consequences of having diabetes
53
17
56
Age (year)
69.3 (8.9)
67.9 (11.2)
.98 (.92; 1.05)
0.56
63.9 (9.5)
.91 (.87; .96)
0.00
Gender (male)
27 (48.2)
11 (64.7)
1.40 (.41; 4.79)
0.60
22 (36.7)
.26 (.10; .65)
0.00
I am unable to fit exercise into my lifestyle
53
21
52
T2DM duration (y)
8.1 (4.1)
6.8 (3.4)
.91 (.80; 1.03)
0.15
9.3 (6.1)
1.12 (1.02; 1.22)
0.01
Diastolic BP
81.2 (8.6)
82.3 (7.1)
.99 (.92; 1.06)
0.68
84.6 (8.2)
1.08 (1.02; 1.15)
0.01
Weight control is real problem for me
40
4
83
Use of tablets
42 (97.7)
4 (100)
76 (87.4)
.07 (.01; .72)
0.02
BMI
29.1 (4.6)
31.1 (4.2)
1.12 (.86; 1.45)
0.41
34.1 (5.7)
1.29 (1.14, 1.45)
0
Diastolic BP
79.8 (7.2)
85.3 (6.7)
1.10 (.96; 1.26)
0.16
84.2 (8.5)
1.09 (1.02; 1.16)
0.02
Self-management of diabetes is difficult to maintain because diabetes complications are not immediate
27
16
86
Age (year)
71.1 (9.4)
67.6 (9.4)
.94 (.88; 1.01)
0.10
65.2 (9.7)
.93 (.88; .98)
0.00
Diabetic foot
1 (3.6%)
3 (17.6)
6.91 (.65; 73.64)
0.11
16 (17.4)
7.15 (.88; 58.10)
0.07
Good control of diabetes involves a lot of sacrifice
43
19
67
Age (year)
69.0 (9.1)
68.5 (10.7)
.98 (.93; 1.04)
0.56
64.7 (9.8)
.95 (.91; .99)
0.02
The “agree” group (category = 2) was the largest group and the smallest was the “neutral” group. The predictive characteristics showed a significant effect on the “agree” group but seldom on the “neutral” group respondents. “Age” was significant in five obstacles by agreed participants but on no occasion by neutrals.
