Occurrence of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles during Intense Magnetic Storms
Figure 1
Examples of penetration electric fields during magnetic storms. Figures 1(a)–1(d) show interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) south-north (Bz) component, interplanetary electric field (IEF) dawn-dusk (Ey) component, (c) ion vertical velocity in the equatorial ionosphere measured by the Jicamarca incoherent scatter radar, and (d) Dst index on 9 November 2004, respectively. Figures 1(e)–1(h) show the case during 29–31 October 2003; the ion vertical velocity in Figure 1(g) was measured by the DMSP F13 satellite. The shaded regions denote the periods of southward IMF and enhanced vertical ion drift.
