Reproductive Biology, Mating Behavior, and Vibratory Communication of the Brown-Winged Stink Bug, Edessa meditabunda (Fabr.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Table 1

Courtship sequence performed by Edessa medidabunda described in the ethogram.

Code of the behavior	Description of the behaviors
MFRG	Males and females at rest and grooming
MS1	Males spontaneously emit song type 1
MS2	Males spontaneously emit song type 2
MstS1	Males interrupt the emission of MS1
Mw	Males walk around the arena
FS1	Females emit song 1 in response to MS2
D	MS2/FS1 duet
MApFf	Male approaches the female from the front
MApFb	Male approaches the female from the back
MAnFAn	Male antennates female’s antennae
MAnFt + p	Male antennates female’s thorax and moves to the posterior side of her abdomen
Mb180° + RT	Male puts the head behind the female abdominal tip and butt her abdomen until she adopts the copulatory position At the time turning 180° from the female posterior, the insects are oriented end to end in copulatory position
Pr + 180°	Male rotates its pygophore 180° so that it is inverted
PM	Pair mate
MRF	Male rejects female and walks away from her
FRM	Female rejects male and runs away from male
NM	Pairs not mate