Schematic diagram of the experiment modified from the classic Luria and Delbrück [18] fluctuation analysis, and the possible results. In the set 1 experiment, different cultures (each started from a small inoculum, conidia) were propagated under nonselective conditions (i.e., Czapeck-Dox broth) until micromycelia appeared, and then transferred to elastin medium. Set 1A: physiological adaptation (i.e., acclimation) or putative adaptive mutations. In this case, the number of EA⁺ nuclei in all the cultures must be similar. Set 1B: mutations occurring in the period of the propagation of cultures, that is, before exposure to the selective agent. One mutational event occurred in the propagation of culture 2, yielding EA⁺ colonies. No mutational events occurred in the other cultures, thus, no EA was observed after the transfer to the selective medium. In set 2 (control set), EA is expected in all the cultures.