Review Article
Can Engineered “Designer” T Cells Outsmart Chronic Hepatitis B?
Table 2
Open questions concerning the clinical use of CAR-engineered T cells in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.
| | (i) Does binding to individual HBV infected cells trap the anti-HBV CAR T cells locally in the liver? | | | (ii) To which extend are HBV-infected hepatocytes eliminated by engineered T cells? | | | (iii) Will the immune suppressive microenvironment silence transferred T cells? | | | (iv) What effect would circulating HBsAg or subviral HBV particles have on the activation of engineered T cells? Do soluble HBV particles | | | induce CAR mediated “on-target off-organ” T cell activation? | | | (v) Is HBV-specific T cell memory induced? | | | (vi) How can induction of anergy of engineered T cells be prevented? | | | (vii) Do inflammatory cytokines secreted by activated T cells attract a second wave of nonspecific inflammatory cells, and how do these | | | cells comodulate the anti-HBV T cell response? | |
|
|
