Research Article

GPS and Stereovision-Based Visual Odometry: Application to Urban Scene Mapping and Intelligent Vehicle Localization

Table 1

Comparison of traveling distance (/m).

Method Ground truth Estimated dist. Error % Mean Std.

VO 290.40 251.40 13.43 25.87 17.05
GPS/VO 290.40 294.48 1.41 1.12 0.87