A Perspective on the Consequences for Insect Herbivores and Their Natural Enemies When They Share Plant Resources
Table 1
A summary of how differences in the abundance, availability, or quality of a shared plant resource can lead to an asymmetrical enhancement of fitness across trophic levels. See text for references.
(1)
Plant morphology
(2)
The attractiveness of plant resources
(3)
The nutritional value and chemical composition of plants
(4)
The temporal availability of plant resources
(5)
The spatial distribution of plants
(6)
The extent of species-specific reliance on the shared resource
(7)
Species-specific numerical and functional responses to the shared resource
(8)
Interactions with other organisms, such as competitors, pollinators, alternative prey, and intra- and interguild predators
(9)
Behavioural changes in species, such as predator avoidance behaviour prey defensive responses
(10)
Changed benefits to natural enemies and antagonists from prey/host consumption
