International Scholarly Research Notices

Research Article

Prognostic Factors of Short-Term Outcome of Low Back Pain in Patients Attending Health Insurance Clinics in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt

Odds ratio and their 95% confidence intervals of good back pain outcome with the studied factors.


Study variables	Good outcome (202 subjects)	Poor outcome (147 subjects)	OR*	95% CI**

(i) Sociodemographic factors

Age group in years
<30	52	31	1.88	1.16–3.03
30–50	122	84	1.59	1.06–2.40
≥50	28	32	1.00	Ref.

Sex
Male	119	80	1.18	0.87–1.60
Female	83	67	1.00	Ref.

Education
Secondary and higher	109	62	1.61	1.19–2.18
Less than secondary	93	85	1.00	Ref.

Occupation
Professional	34	38	1.90	1.27–2.83
Skilled	69	52	1.53	1.01–2.33
Nonskilled	99	57	1.00	Ref.

Body mass index (kg/m²)
<25	101	75	2.70	0.97–3.34
25–<30	81	43	1.90	0.60–4.56
≥30	20	29	1.00	Ref.

(ii) Lifestyle factors

Smoking
Never smoker	69	61	1.48	1.03–2.13
Ex-smoker	61	41	1.31	0.90–1.90
Smoker	72	45	1.00	Ref.

Physical activity
Yes	123	87	1.06	0.78–1.45
No	79	60	1.00	Ref.

(iii) History of back pain episode

Pain grade
Mild	45	15	4.97	2.96–8.34
Moderate	125	79	2.59	1.79–3.75
Severe	32	53	1.00	Ref.

Pain site
Localized	106	50	2.12	1.55–2.89
Radiated	96	97	1.00	Ref.

Pain Type
Recent	60	18	5.39	3.38–8.57
Periodic	102	63	2.61	1.83–3.73
Persistent	40	66	1.00	Ref.

*Result of univariate models.
**95% confidence intervals.