Review Article
Anorectal Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review
Table 2
Treatment of anorectal dysfunction in multiple sclerosis.
| Treatment | Sample size | Duration | Design | Results | Response rate | References |
| Biofeedback | 39 | 3 months | Prospective series | Improvement of constipation and incontinence scores | 46 | [22] | 13 | 4 months | Prospective series | Patient rating of biofeedback success positive: | 38 | [11] | 18 | 2–6 months | Prospective series | Patient reported symptom improvement: | 44 | [15] |
| Abdominal massage | 30 | 8 weeks | RTC | Increase in defecation frequency for week 4 only; improved composite constipation scores weeks 4 and 8 | | [14] |
| Transanal irrigation | 25 | n/a | Retrospective series | Patient reported improvement: | 40 | [37] | 10 | n/a | Retrospective series | Patient reported improvement: | 50% | [20] |
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