Clinical Study
Sex Variability in Pediatric Leukemia Survival: Large Cohort Evidence
Table 2
Mortality associated with sex and other factors in pediatric patients diagnosed with leukemia, 1973–2006.
| Covariates | Hazard ratio (HR) | 99% CI | P |
| Sex | | | | Male | 1.00 | Ref | Ref | Female | 0.86 | 0.80–0.93 | <0.0001 | Race | | | | White | 1.00 | Ref | Ref | Black | 1.54 | 1.36–1.74 | <0.0001 | Age at diagnosis (yrs) | | | | <1.0 | 1.00 | Ref | Ref | 1.0−4.0 | 0.26 | 0.22–0.30 | <0.0001 | 5.0–9.0 | 0.33 | 0.28–0.39 | <0.0001 | 10.0–14.0 | 0.56 | 0.48–0.66 | <0.0001 | 15.0 −19.0 | 0.89 | 0.77–1.04 | 0.05 | Number of primaries | | | | 1.0 | 1.00 | Ref | Ref | ≥ 2.0 | 1.75 | 1.40–2.20 | <0.0001 | Beam radiation | | | | Yes | 1.00 | Ref | Ref | No | 0.84 | 0.77–0.92 | <0.0001 |
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Notes and abbreviations: the significance level was 0.001. CI = confidence interval, ref = reference group or class.
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