Review Article

Comparative Pathogenomics of Bacteria Causing Infectious Diseases in Fish

Table 2

Major bacterial pathogens of economically important fish.

Causative agent/speciesDiseaseMain host fish

Gram-negatives
Vibrio anguillarumVibriosisSalmonids, turbot, sea bass, striped bass, eel, ayu, cod, and red sea bream
Aliivibrio salmonicida
(formerly Vibrio salmonicida)
VibriosisAtlantic salmon, cod
Vibrio vulnificusVibriosisEels, tilapia
Vibrio ordaliiVibriosisSalmonids
Vibrio carchariae
(syn.: Vibrio harveyi)
Vibriosis, infectious gastroenteritisShark, abalone, red drum, sea bream, sea bass, cobia, and flounder
Moritella viscosa
(formerly Vibrio viscosus)
Winter ulcerAtlantic salmon
Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (formerly Pasteurella piscicida)Photobacteriosis
(pasteurellosis)
Sea bream, sea bass, sole, striped bass, and yellowtail
Pasteurella skyensisPasteurellosisSalmonids and turbot
Tenacibaculum maritimum
(formerly Flexibacter maritimus)
FlexibacteriosisTurbot, salmonids, sole, sea bass, gilthead sea bream, red sea bream, and flounder
Flavobacterium psychrophilumColdwater diseaseSalmonids, carp, eel, tench, perch, ayu
Flavobacterium branchiophilaBacterial gill diseaseA broad range of cultured cold water and warm water salmonid and nonsalmonid fishes
Flavobacterium columnareColumnaris diseasecyprinids, salmonids, silurids, eel, and sturgeon
Pseudomonas anguillisepticaPseudomonadiasis, winter diseaseSea bream, eel, turbot, and ayu
Aeromonas salmonicidaFurunculosissalmon, trout, goldfish, koi and a variety of other fish species
Aeromonas hydrophila
Aeromonas veronii Biovar Sobria
Aeromonas sobria Biovar Sobria
(Motile aeromonads)
Motile aeromonas septicemia (MAS), hemorrhagic septicemia, ulcer disease or red-sore disease, and epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS)A wide variety of salmonid and nonsalmonid fish, sturgeon, tilapia, catfish, striped bass, and eel
Edwardsiella ictaluriEnteric septicemiaCatfish and tilapia
Edwardsiella tardaEdwardsiellosisSalmon, carps, tilapia, catfish, striped bass, flounder, and yellowtail
Yersinia ruckeriEnteric redmouthSalmonids, eel, minnows, sturgeon, and crustaceans
Piscirickettsia salmonisPiscirickettsiosisSalmonids

Gram-positives
Lactococcus garvieae
(formerly Enterococcus seriolicida)
Streptococcosis or lactococcosisYellowtail and eel
Streptococcus iniaeStreptococcosisYellowtail, flounder, sea bass, and barramundi
Streptococcus parauberisStreptococcosisTurbot
Streptococcus phocaeStreptococcosisAtlantic salmon
Renibacterium salmoninarumBacterial kidney diseaseSalmonids
Mycobacterium marinumMycobacteriosisSea bass, turbot, and Atlantic salmon