Research Article
Optimization of Multiple Roughness Characteristics of Chemically Deposited Ni-P-W Coating Using Weighted Principal Component Analysis
Table 1
L27 Orthogonal array with design factors and interactions.
| | Column numbers | Trial no. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | (A) | (B) | () | (A B) | (C) | (A C) | (A C) | (B C) | — | — | (B C) | — | — | |
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
4
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
5
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
6
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
7
|
1
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
8
|
1
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
9
|
1
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
10
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
11
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
12
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
13
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
14
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
15
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
16
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
17
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
18
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
19
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
20
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
21
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
22
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
23
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
24
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
25
|
3
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
26
|
3
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
27
|
3
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
|
|