Effect of Formula Feeding and Breastfeeding on Child Growth, Infant Mortality, and HIV Transmission in Children Born to HIV-Infected Pregnant Women Who Received Triple Antiretroviral Therapy in a Resource-Limited Setting: Data from an HIV Cohort Study in India
Table 1
Characteristics of patients enrolled in the programme before delivery.
N (%)
Age
23.5 (21–25.2)*
Height
152 (148–160)*
Underweight (BMI < 18.5)
122 (39)
First pregnancy
173 (51.49)
Education
Higher
13 (3.88)
Secondary
128 (38.21)
Primary
48 (14.33)
No education
146 (43.58)
Smoker
1 (0.003)
CD4 lymphocyte count (cells/μL)
<200
29 (8.76)
200–350
96 (29)
350–500
102 (30.82)
>500
104 (31.42)
Time on ART before delivery
<1 day
23 (6.91)
1–30 days
53 (15.92)
31–60 days
48 (14.41)
61–90 days
54 (16.22)
91–120 days
40 (12.01)
>120 days
115 (34.53)
ART regimen
AZT + 3TC + NVP
148 (44.05)
AZT + 3TC + EFV
68 (20.24)
AZT + 3TC + NFV
35 (10.42)
D4T + 3TC + NVP
39 (11.61)
D4T + 3TC + EFV
19 (5.65)
D4T + 3TC + NFV
16 (4.76)
TDF + 3TC/FTC + LPVr
5 (1.49)
AZT + 3TC + LPVr
4 (1.19)
d4T + 3TC + LPVr
1 (0.3)
TDF+3TC+AZT
1 (0.3)
Home delivery
24 (7.38)
Caesarean section
125 (39.18)
Newborn prophylaxis
AZT
229 (73.63)
AZT + 3TC + NVP
59 (18.97)
NVP
15 (4.82)
None
8 (2.57)
Type of feeding
Formula
159 (51.29)
Breast
148 (47.74)
Mixed
3 (0.97)
*Median (interquartile range). BMI: body mass index; ART: antiretroviral treatment; AZT: zidovudine; 3TC: lamivudine; NVP, and nevirapine; EFV, efavirenz; d4T: stavudine; NFV: nelfinavir; TDF: tenofovir; FTC: emtricitabine; LPVr: lopinavir-ritonavir. Missing values for each variable were not included.
