Metabolic Syndrome in Canadian Adults and Adolescents: Prevalence and Associated Dietary Intake
Table 3
Dietary consumption among Canadians aged from 12 to 79 y with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS), Canadian Health Measures Survey, Cycle 1, 2007–2009 ().
Individuals without MetS
Individuals with MetS
Individuals with MetS and diagnosed diabetes
Individuals with MetS and no diagnosis of diabetes
Food and beverages times/day1
Mean (SE2) CIs3
Mean (SE2) CIs3
Mean (SE2) CIs3
Mean (SE2) CIs3
Meat and fish
Red meat, organs, hotdogs, sausage or bacon, seas foods, eggs, beans, and nuts
1.92 (0.17)
1.55 (0.16)
1.27 (0.06)
1.60 (0.20)
1.54–2.31
1.19–1.91
1.13–1.42
1.15–2.05
Grains, fruit and vegetable
(i) Hot/cold cereal, white bread, brown bread, rice, pasta (grains)
3.18 (0.21)
3.6 (0.31)
4.62 (0.90)
3.41 (1.34)
2.72–3.64
2.91–4.30
2.63–6.62
2.65–4.17
(ii) Fruit and vegetable
3.71 (0.08)
3.61 (0.17)
3.64 (0.25)
3.60 (0.18)
3.52–3.90
3.21–3.99
3.08–4.20
3.18–4.01
Milk and dairy products
Milk, cottage cheese, and yogurt or ice cream
1.69 (0.05)*
1.38 (0.07)*
1.55 (0.10)
1.34 (0.08)
1.56–1.82
1.21–1.54
1.33–1.77
1.16–1.52
Dietary fat
Regular-fat salad dressing or mayonnaise and regular-fat potato chips, tortilla chips, or corn chips
0.48 (0.02)*
0.36 (0.03)*
0.39 (0.14)
0.36 (0.02)
0.44–0.53
0.29–0.43
0.07–0.71
0.31–0.40
Water and soft drinks
(i) Regular soft drink, sport drink, and fruit drink (sugar-sweetened beverages )
0.53 (0.04)*
0.04)*
0.20 (0.07)
0.40 (0.05)
0.44–0.62
0.27–0.46
0.04–0.35
0.28–0.52
(ii) Diet soft drink
0.14 (0.02)*
0.22 (0.03)*
0.47 (0.13)
0.17 (0.03)
0.10–0.18
0.16–0.28
0.18–0.76
0.09–0.26
(iii) Fruit and vegetable juice
0.74 (0.04)
0.70 (0.06)
0.50 (0.07)†
0.74 (0.07)†
0.65–0.82
0.55–0.85
0.34–0.65
0.57–0.91
1Frequency of consumption.
2SE: standard error.
3Confidence intervals. *, †Significant (P < 0.05), Independent samples t-test.
