Representative histopathology slides and corresponding pathology reports on rat livers during the acute phase experiment (magnification ×40). (a) Section of rat liver from saline-treated group (Normal liver). (b) Section of rat liver from a group treated with LPS and S (LPS + S) at 6 hours after dosing (the parenchymal cells are homogenously swollen/hypertrophic with narrow sinusoids, minimal intrahepatic leukostasis, and mild inflammation of the portal tracts). (c) Section of a rat liver from a group treated with LPS and S (LPS + S) at 24 hours after dosing (the parenchymal cells revealed diffuse vacuolar changes and irregular swollen cytoplasm with prominent encroachment of the sinusoids due to the cell swelling, apoptosis of the hepatocytes and mild portal inflammation). (d) Section of a rat liver from a group treated with S and NVP (S + NVP) at 6 hours after dosing (mild cloudy swelling and degenerative changes with granular appearance of the cytoplasm in the hepatocytes, apoptosis with diffuse mild hepatocellular swelling; no inflammation). (e) Section of a rat liver from a group treated with S and NVP (S + NVP) at 24 hours after dosing (mild hepatocellular vacuolar degeneration, apoptosis and dissociated liver parenchymal cells. No sign of inflammation). (f) Section of a rat liver from a group treated with LPS and NVP (LPS + NVP) at 6 hours after dosing (Normal liver). (g) Section of a rat liver from a group treated with LPS and NVP (LPS + NVP) at 24 hours after dosing (Normal liver).