Research Article

Pattern Formation in Spatially Extended Tritrophic Food Chain Model Systems: Generalist versus Specialist Top Predator

Figure 4

Simulation of model system (19a)–(19c) showing route to chaos and long-term persistence behaviour at different time levels (a) , (b) , (c) , (d) , (e) , and (f) . See Table 1 for parameter values.
198185.fig.004a
(a)
198185.fig.004b
(b)
198185.fig.004c
(c)
198185.fig.004d
(d)
198185.fig.004e
(e)
198185.fig.004f
(f)