Delayed Asthmatic Response to Allergen Challenge and Cytokines Released by Nonspecifically Stimulated Blood Cells
Table 6
Nonstimulated plasma concentrations and concentrations of cytokines in supernatants released by cells stimulated “in vitro” with PMA (mean ± SEM), during DYARs and PBS control tests.
Patients,
Before the challenge
After the challenge (hrs)
1
12
24
36
48
56
72
IL-1β (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
1.6 ± 0.5
1.5 ± 0.4
2.0 ± 1.1
3.3 ± 1.0
5.9 ± 0.3+
6.0 ± 0.7+
3.1 ± 0.4
2.7 ± 0.6
c
7.3 ± 1.1
8.4 ± 0.5
9.6 ± 1.0
9.2 ± 0.7
8.8 ± 0.6
9.3 ± 0.2
9.0 ± 1.0
8.6 ± 0.7
PBS
p
1.5 ± 0.2
2.0 ± 0.7
3.0 ± 0.5
2.4 ± 0.3
2.2 ± 0.6
2.4 ± 0.8
2.5 ± 0.7
1.9 ± 0.4
c
7.4 ± 0.8
7.1 ± 0.2
8.2 ± 0.8
8.9 ± 0.4
9.4 ± 1.1
9.0 ± 0.6
8.5 ± 0.2
8.3 ± 0.5
IL-2 (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
3.5 ± 0.5
3.5 ± 0.3
5.2 ± 0.7+
7.8 ± 0.6
*
7.5 ± 1.1
*
6.9 ± 0.4
*
4.3 ± 0.5
3.6 ± 0.3
c
3.7 ± 0.4
5.2 ± 0.1
8.6 ± 1.0
*
9.3 ± 0.1
*
8.0 ± 0.7
*
9.4 ± 0.6
*
6.7 ± 0.2
*
3.8 ± 0.5
PBS
p
3.3 ± 0.2
3.6 ± 0.5
3.4 ± 0.3
<3.0
3.9 ± 0.5
4.0 ± 0.7
<3.0
<3.0
c
4.0 ± 0.8
5.0 ± 0.9
7.1 ± 0.4
6.0 ± 0.3
4.8 ± 0.6
5.3 ± 0.2
4.9 ± 0.4
4.5 ± 0.4
IL-3 (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
<31.2
<31.2
<31.2
<31.2
32.2 ± 0.5
31.7 ± 0.6
32.0 ± 0.4
<31.2
c
34.2 ± 2.0
36.7 ± 2.4
38.0 ± 3.9
35.5 ± 1.2
37.6 ± 2.7
35.1 ± 1.5
36.9 ± 1.8
34.7 ± 1.0
PBS
p
<31.2
31.2 ± 0.0
<31.2
31.5 ± 0.2
<31.2
<31.2
31.3 ± 0.1
<31.2
c
32.5 ± 1.8
35.3 ± 1.8
35.9 ± 1.2
37.4 ± 0.9
36.5 ± 1.4
33.7 ± 1.3
35.5 ± 2.0
35.2 ± 0.6
IL-4 (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
4.5 ± 0.8
4.0 ± 0.5
5.4 ± 0.6
5.0 ± 1.0
4.6 ± 0.4
5.5 ± 1.2
4.8 ± 0.5
4.2 ± 0.4
c
23.7 ± 1.6
25.0 ± 2.7
24.3 ± 1.9
22.0 ± 2.3
23.6 ± 0.5
22.9 ± 0.8
23.4 ± 1.1
23.1 ± 0.5
PBS
p
3.9 ± 0.5
3.8 ± 0.6
4.2 ± 1.1
4.5 ± 0.6
5.4 ± 0.3
3.9 ± 0.6
4.0 ± 1.0
4.1 ± 0.5
c
22.9 ± 1.1
21.7 ± 1.0
22.6 ± 0.8
23.4 ± 1.5
22.7 ± 1.6
22.2 ± 1.0
21.6 ± 0.9
22.5 ± 1.1
IL-5 (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
4.1 ± 0.8
4.9 ± 0.9
4.5 ± 1.1
4.3 ± 0.6
4.5 ± 0.5
5.0 ± 1.0
4.4 ± 0.7
4.6 ± 0.4
c
6.9 ± 1.0
7.7 ± 0.8
7.5 ± 1.3
8.0 ± 0.4
7.1 ± 0.7
7.3 ± 2.1
7.6 ± 1.4
7.4 ± 0.9
PBS
p
3.8 ± 0.5
3.7 ± 0.6
4.3 ± 0.5
4.1 ± 1.5
3.9 ± 0.4
4.8 ± 1.0
4.2 ± 0.9
4.5 ± 0.6
c
6.5 ± 0.3
7.5 ± 1.4
8.0 ± 0.7
7.9 ± 1.1
7.2 ± 0.6
7.2 ± 0.4
7.3 ± 0.5
7.6 ± 1.0
IL-6 (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
<4.0
<4.0
4.5 ± 04
<4.0
4.3 ± 0.2
<4.0
<4.0
<4.0
c
5.7 ± 1.1
7.8 ± 0.9
8.1 ± 1.3
8.6 ± 1.7
8.4 ± 0.6
7.9 ± 1.0
7.5 ± 0.4
7.0 ± 0.8
PBS
p
<4.0
<4.0
<4.0
<4.0
4.7 ± 0.5
<4.0
4.2 ± 0.7
4.1 ± 0.3
c
5.9 ± 0.5
6.1 ± 1.3
7.2 ± 1.0
7.9 ± 2.3
8.0 ± 1.1
7.4 ± 0.3
7.7 ± 0.8
7.5 ± 0.5
IL-7 (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
1.7 ± 0.2
<0.1
*
0.7 ± 0.2
0.3 ± 0.1+
<0.1
*
<0.1
*
<0.1
*
0.2 ± 0.1+
c
4.3 ± 0.5
5.7 ± 1.0
6.2 ± 0.8
6.5 ± 0.4
5.9 ± 1.0
6.6 ± 0.7
6.3 ± 0.4
5.8 ± 0.3
PBS
p
2.0 ± 0.1
2.1 ± 0.8
1.7 ± 0.4
1.3 ± 0.5
2.5 ± 0.7
2.1 ± 0.4
1.7 ± 0.9
2.2 ± 1.1
c
4.6 ± 0.3
4.9 ± 0.5
5.5 ± 1.0
5.8 ± 0.9
6.2 ± 1.3
6.3 ± 1.1
5.6 ± 0.7
5.3 ± 0.6
IL-8 (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
6.8 ± 1.0
7.0 ± 1.1
7.2 ± 0.5
6.7 ± 0.8
6.5 ± 0.4
11.5 ± 0.9
*
11.8 ± 1.0
*
7.0 ± 0.5
c
12.2 ± 2.1
12.6 ± 1.8
13.5 ± 2.0
16.9 ± 2.6
*
17.6 ± 1.7
*
16.8 ± 2.0
*
12.9 ± 1.8
12.8 ± 1.4
PBS
p
7.2 ± 1.8
7.5 ± 2.0
6.8 ± 1.2
7.3 ± 0.5
7.1 ± 0.6
6.9 ± 0.8
7.3 ± 0.5
7.0 ± 0.7
c
11.4 ± 0.6
12.5 ± 1.0
12.9 ± 1.5
13.6 ± 1.8
14.0 ± 1.9
13.5 ± 1.1
13.5 ± 2.1
13.2 ± 1.0
IL-10 (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
3.5 ± 0.4
3.6 ± 0.4
3.8 ± 1.0
5.5 ± 0.4+
4.1 ± 1.0
3.4 ± 0.7
3.8 ± 0.9
4.1 ± 0.6
c
10.9 ± 2.2
10.3 ± 0.6
11.5 ± 0.8
11.2 ± 0.3
12.4 ± 1.3
11.7 ± 0.5
11.0 ± 1.0
11.3 ± 0.4
PBS
p
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
3.2 ± 0.1
<3.0
c
9.5 ± 0.6
10.0 ± 0.3
9.8 ± 0.6
10.9 ± 1.1
11.2 ± 0.7
10.8 ± 0.4
9.9 ± 0.3
10.2 ± 0.5
IL-12p40 (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
8.0 ± 2.0
9.0 ± 3.2
8.1 ± 1.1
8.8 ± 1.9
8.2 ± 0.6
7.8 ± 0.7
8.5 ± 0.4
8.1 ± 1.0
c
10.7 ± 0.6
11.8 ± 1.3
12.5 ± 2.2
11.6 ± 0.8
10.5 ± 1.0
11.4 ± 0.9
11.0 ± 1.1
11.3 ± 0.6
PBS
p
7.7 ± 1.3
7.9 ± 0.4
7.6 ± 0.5
7.9 ± 1.3
7.5 ± 1.0
8.0 ± 0.6
7.4 ± 0.9
7.9 ± 0.8
c
11.0 ± 1.4
12.1 ± 2.5
12.8 ± 2.0
11.9 ± 0.7
12.3 ± 2.5
11.6 ± 0.4
11.9 ± 1.8
11.7 ± 1.2
IL-12p70 (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
9.0 ± 1.9
10.3 ± 2.0
11.5 ± 2.1
19.3 ± 3.2
*
17.9 ± 3.0
*
16.8 ± 1.3
*
9.9 ± 1.0
10.2 ± 0.5
c
15.5 ± 2.8
15.4 ± 1.9
18.2 ± 3.0
24.5 ± 2.4
*
25.8 ± 1.6
*
27.9 ± 3.5
*
27.2 ± 2.8
*
16.9 ± 1.4
PBS
p
10.4 ± 2.1
10.1 ± 1.0
10.9 ± 1.2
10.0 ± 1.3
9.8 ± 0.8
9.9 ± 1.0
10.1 ± 0.7
9.6 ± 1.2
c
16.0 ± 3.3
16.2 ± 0.8
16.9 ± 1.3
18.0 ± 0.5
17.7 ± 1.4
18.1 ± 0.6
18.5 ± 1.1
17.7 ± 1.5
IL-13 (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
<3.0
<3.0
4.1 ± 0.5
<3.0
3.7 ± 0.4
6.9 ± 0.7
*
8.2 ± 0.9
*
7.3 ± 1.0
*
c
6.6 ± 0.3
7.1 ± 1.0
8.4 ± 0.7+
8.1 ± 0.9
9.8 ± 1.1
*
10.2 ± 1.3
*
8.5 ± 1.1+
6.9 ± 0.5
PBS
p
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
3.1 ± 0.1
<3.0
c
7.0 ± 0.8
7.5 ± 1.2
7.1 ± 0.9
8.3 ± 1.5
8.6 ± 2.0
8.1 ± 1.4
7.9 ± 0.5
7.6 ± 0.8
IL-18 (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
11.0 ± 1.7
11.4 ± 2.3
12.3 ± 2.0
11.5 ± 1.0
13.9 ± 0.5+
14.6 ± 1.0
*
14.8 ± 0.5
*
10.5 ± 0.8
c
20.1 ± 1.3
19.6 ± 1.0
23.4 ± 0.8
26.7 ± 1.5+
27.5 ± 1.2
*
28.0 ± 2.6
*
30.1 ± 4.0
*
26.3 ± 2.7
PBS
p
11.3 ± 2.9
12.0 ± 1.5
11.1 ± 0.9
12.0 ± 0.2
11.0 ± 0.6
10.8 ± 1.0
10.4 ± 0.7
11.2 ± 0.4
c
19.7 ± 0.8
20.4 ± 2.0
22.7 ± 2.5
21.9 ± 1.4
22.6 ± 0.8
22.8 ± 0.7
21.8 ± 1.4
20.9 ± 1.6
IFN- (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
2.4 ± 0.3
2.7 ± 0.7
4.2 ± 0.6
14.1 ± 2.0
*
17.9 ± 2.1
*
15.7 ± 1.8
*
8.0 ± 1.0
*
2.9 ± 0.5
c
361 ± 108
383 ± 115
405 ± 111
475 ± 131
*
489 ± 125
*
503 ± 89
*
466 ± 103
*
401 ± 114
PBS
p
2.1 ± 0.2
2.9 ± 0.3
2.3 ± 1.1
2.4 ± 0.3
2.2 ± 0.9
2.1 ± 0.4
2.3 ± 0.2
2.5 ± 0.6
c
367 ± 91
354 ± 68
288 ± 94
339 ± 102
321 ± 113
344 ± 116
352 ± 97
370 ± 105
GM-CSF (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
<3.0
3.5 ± 0.3
4.2 ± 0.6+
5.1 ± 1.3
*
4.9 ± 0.7+
3.1 ± 0.1
3.0 ± 0.0
<3.0
c
10.2 ± 0.4
11.8 ± 0.9
13.5 ± 1.7
12.8 ± 1.0
13.1 ± 2.2
12.5 ± 0.8
11.4 ± 1.0
11.2 ± 0.5
PBS
p
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
3.0 ± 0.0
<3.0
<3.0
<3.0
c
10.7 ± 0.6
10.4 ± 0.5
12.3 ± 1.0
11.9 ± 1.2
11.0 ± 1.4
11.3 ± 0.6
10.8 ± 1.2
11.5 ± 1.0
G-CSF (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
<0.8
1.7 ± 0.4
6.5 ± 1.8
*
6.9 ± 0.7
*
5.4 ± 0.9
*
1.5 ± 0.4
<0.8
<0.8
c
7.1 ± 0.6
8.4 ± 1.0
8.9 ± 0.7+
9.5 ± 2.2+
9.0 ± 1.6+
8.6 ± 0.7
7.5 ± 1.2
7.8 ± 1.1
PBS
p
<0.8
<0.8
<0.8
1.0 ± 0.1
0.9 ± 0.1
<0.8
<0.8
<0.8
c
7.5 ± 0.4
7.2 ± 0.5
7.6 ± 0.9
8.7 ± 1.3
8.2 ± 0.5
8.0 ± 1.3
7.9 ± 1.0
7.4 ± 0.6
TNF- (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
7.1 ± 2.0
8.0 ± 1.7
7.4 ± 0.8
8.2± 1.2
14.5 ± 2.0
*
12.4 ± 1.6
*
13.0 ± 0.5
*
8.0 ± 0.7
c
12.9 ± 1.3
13.4 ± 0.8
16.6 ± 1.1+
17.3 ± 0.5
*
17.9 ± 0.7
*
18.0 ± 2.2
*
17.5 ± 1.0
*
15.4 ± 1.1
PBS
p
6.7 ± 1.1
7.0 ± 0.5
6.9 ± 0.8
6.5 ± 0.3
7.4 ± 1.4
7.0 ± 1.0
7.2 ± 0.8
6.5 ± 0.3
c
13.2 ± 0.8
13.6 ± 1.0
14.1 ± 2.0
14.7 ± 1.8
15.0 ± 1.6
14.9 ± 2.1
15.1 ± 1.3
14.6 ± 0.5
TGF- (pg/mL)
DYAR
p
11.0 ± 2.3
12.5 ± 2.3
24.5 ± 3.7
*
21.1 ± 2.8
*
19.0 ± 2.5
*
18.4 ± 1.0
*
11.3 ± 0.5
10.8 ± 0.3
c
17.2 ± 1.7
21.4 ± 3.1
29.5 ± 2.2
*
34.3 ± 2.0
*
30.1 ± 1.9
*
24.8 ± 2.5+
18.7 ± 1.5
18.2 ± 0.9
PBS
p
10.1 ± 1.2
10.5 ± 0.8
11.3 ± 0.2
10.8 ± 1.0
10.4 ± 0.7
11.0 ± 0.5
10.6 ± 0.7
11.5 ± 0.4
c
18.0 ± 1.1
18.8 ± 1.0
20.9 ± 0.8
19.4 ± 1.3
21.2 ± 1.0
20.5 ± 0.9
19.0 ± 1.0
19.3 ± 0.6
DYAR: delayed asthmatic response; PBS: phosphate buffered saline (control); PMA: phorbol 12-myristate 12-acetate. Values of cytokines = means ± SEM; statistical significance of the cytokine concentrations as compared with their prechallenge (baseline) values: *, + (borderline); p: plasma; c: supernatants of cells stimulated with PMA.
