Research Article

Frequent Misconceptions and Low-to-Moderate Knowledge of HIV and AIDS amongst High-School Students in Malaysia

Table 2

Knowledge about HIV/AIDS among high-school students in Seremban, Malaysia ( 𝑁 = 5 7 2 ).

No.QuestionCorrectWrongI don’t know

Part 1: general knowledge (risk factors and outcomes)

1HIV and AIDS are the same thing313 (54.7%)182 (31.8%)77 (13.5%)
2AIDS is now curable342 (59.8%)106 (18.5%)124 (21.7%)
3AIDS is the cause of HIV169 (29.5%)277 (48.4%)126 (22.0%)
4HIV cannot survive outside of the human’s body275 (48.1%)127 (22.2%)170 (29.7%)
5People who are infected with HIV quickly develop the signs or symptoms of being infected302 (52.8%)132 (23.1%)138 (24.1%)
6A mother with HIV positive cannot have children353 (61.7%)121 (21.2%)98 (17.1%)
7All individuals who are HIV positive will develop AIDS158 (27.6%)240 (42.0%)174 (30.4%)
8Sexual intercourse with a virgin will cure AIDS365 (63.8%)123 (21.5%)84 (14.7%)
9It is possible to know a person is HIV positive by looking at them369 (64.5%)97 (17.0%)106 (18.5%)
10AIDS is a hereditary disease136 (23.8%)204 (35.7%)232 (40.6%)
11AIDS is mostly seen in the developing or underdeveloped countries, mostly in countries least able to afford to care for infected people299 (52.3%)109 (19.1%)164 (28.7%)
12Only drug users, sex workers, and the homosexual or gay community get infected with HIV313 (54.7%)192 (33.6%)67 (11.7%)
13There is a vaccine for AIDS280 (49.0%)97 (17.0%)195 (34.1%)

Part 2: transmission of HIV

14Coughing369 (64.5%)119 (20.8%)84 (14.7%)
15Sneezing389 (68.0%)95 (16.6%)88 (15.4%)
16Hugging458 (80.1%)46 (8.0%)68 (11.9%)
17Kissing272 (47.6%)238 (41.6%)62 (10.8%)
18Shaking hands490 (85.7%)43 (7.5%)39 (6.8%)
19Sharing a glass of water298 (52.1%)210 (36.7%)64 (11.2%)
20Sharing clothes437 (76.4%)78 (13.6%)57 (10.0%)
21Sharing food and utensils280 (49.0%)212 (37.1%)80 (14.0%)
22Sharing toothbrush214 (37.4%)287 (50.2%)71 (12.4%)
23Sharing public toilet and swimming pools399 (69.8%)80 (14.0%)93 (16.3%)
24Urine276 (48.3%)183 (32.0%)113 (19.8%)
25Saliva268 (46.9%)218 (38.1%)86 (15.0%)
26Tears389 (68.0%)72 (12.6%)111 (19.4%)
27Blood products/transfusion464 (81.1%)48 (8.4%)60 (10.5%)
28Sharing a needle453 (79.2%)59 (10.3%)60 (10.5%)
29Breastfeeding312 (54.5%)135 (23.6%)125 (21.9%)
30Sexual intercourse488 (85.3%)30 (5.2%)54 (9.4%)
31Semen351 (61.4%)80 (14.0%)141 (24.7%)
32Vaginal Fluid383 (67.0%)60 (10.5%)129 (22.6%)
33Mother to child in pregnancy430 (75.2%)65 (11.4%)77 (13.5%)
34Insect bite369 (64.5%)103 (18.0%)100 (17.5%)

Part 3: prevention of HIV

35Using latex condom is known to reduce the risk of HIV infection tremendously361 (63.1%)69 (12.1%)142 (24.8%)
36Using a natural skin (lambskin) condom can protect a person from getting HIV235 (23.6%)171 (29.9%)266 (46.5%)
37Use of specific drug which is given before, during, and after birth to both mother and child is known to greatly decrease the risk of baby infected with HIV175 (30.6%)159 (27.8%)238 (41.6%)
38Showering or washing one’s genital/private part after sex keeps the person from getting HIV273 (47.7%)112 (19.6%)187 (32.7%)
39Pulling out the penis before a man climaxes/cums keeps a woman from getting HIV during sex228 (39.9%)105 (18.4%)239 (41.8%)
40Taking vitamin supplementary can prevent a person from getting HIV321 (56.1%)93 (16.3%)158 (27.6%)
41Eating a healthy and balanced diet can keep a person from getting HIV305 (53.3%)125 (21.9%)142 (24.8%)

Part 4: HIV testing

42Premarital screening helps to reduce the incidence of HIV.203 (35.5%)93 (16.3%)276 (48.3%)
43Urine, X-ray, total blood count, and biochemistry analyses are used to check for the HIV virus in the blood102 (17.8%)321 (56.1%)149 (26.0%)
44Anonymous HIV testing is available in all government clinics in Malaysia274 (47.9%)92 (16.1%)206 (36.0%)
45HIV testings in all government clinics in Malaysia are expensive242 (42.3%)80 (14.0%)250 (43.7%)
46If a person tests positive for HIV the test can tell how sick the person will become166 (29.0%)186 (32.5%)260 (38.5%)
47Mandatory HIV testing is required in all prisons and rehabilitations centre in Malaysia193 (33.7%)82 (14.3%)297 (51.9%)
48It is mandatory for all Muslim couples in Malaysia to be tested for HIV before marriage58 (10.1%)277 (48.4%)247 (41.4%)