Research Article

High-Temperature (1700–1800°C) Electrochemical Preparation of Metallic Ti from Rutile: A Pathway of Step-by-Step Electrodeoxidization

Table 1

EDX results of samples before and after electrolysis at different temperatures.

SamplesTi [at. %]O [at. %]Ca [at. %]F [at. %]

Pure 33.266.8
1700°Cb75.39.45.49.9
1750°Cc100.0
1800°Cb91.33.65.1

—Not obtained by EDX.
aThe sample of pure TiO2 was measured by EDX before electrolysis.
bEDX measurement was taken from the areas in Figures 1(b) and 1(d), respectively. Content of each element was the average value in the four randomly selected areas marked in Figures 1(b) and 1(d), respectively.
cEDX result was obtained by surface scanning over the area in Figure 1(c).